Correlation of Infrazygomatic Bone Thickness With Cervical Vertebrae Maturation Stages

Abstract

Anchorage is one of the most important consideration in the field of orthodontics to achieve a desired tooth movement. In order to eliminate the undesirable side effects such as anchorage loss, skeletal anchorage systems such as mini-implants have been introduced in orthodontics. Aim: To evaluate the bone thickness of the infrazygomatic crest in different cervical vertebrae maturation index (CVMI) and to compare it between male and female subjects, by using cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) imaging. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using CBCT images of 60 patients in the age group of 8–25 years. Cervical vertebra maturation was analyzed using Hassel–Farmann index and divided into 6 groups (n = 10/group). The infrazygomatic crest was divided into horizontal and vertical planes. The horizontal plane passed through the most inferior border of the zygomatic process of maxilla and the vertical plane passed through the most anterior point of the infratemporal fossa parallel to midsagittal plane. Five parallel lines were drawn at 2 mm interval in both horizontal and vertical planes (HB+2, HB+4, HB+6, HB+8, and HB+10) (V-2, V-4, V-6, V-8, and V-10). The bone thickness was measured at the point of intersection of these lines. Results: According to Kruskal–Wallis analysis, statistically significant difference in infrazygomatic crest (IZC) bone thickness was seen in various CVMI stages ( P = .001). Maximum bone thickness was 11 mm and minimum bone thickness was 1 mm. No significant difference was observed between male and female populations. Conclusion: Thus, the superolateral area in infrazygomatic crest is the most appropriate site for miniscrew insertion in all age groups.

Clinical applicability of IZC’s in orthodontics - A review

“…However, with research Murugesan et al 28 and Amri et al 29 showed similar results and recommended that at a height of 12 to 17 mm from the occlusal plane with an insertion angle of 65 to 70 degree, 9 to 11 mm implants must be used. 30 Concerning the present study by Krishnakumaran et al (2021) 30 the superolateral region of infrazygomatic bone is thickest with the maximum mean bone thickness of 10 mm at zygomatic process of maxilla while the anterior wall of maxillary sinus was thinnest with the maximum mean bone thickness of 5 mm in the completion stage of CVMI i.e., bone density increases with advancing age.…”