Correlation of Inflammatory Markers, Survival, and COX2 Expression in Oral Cancer and Implications for Prognosis

Hossain

Journal of Periodontology

et al. 2019

Background: Elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers are consistently associated with chronic conditions, for which periodontitis and sleep are established risk factors. We examined the relationships between periodontitis, hours of sleep and white blood cell (WBC) markers among a nationally representative sample of US adults.Methods: Cross-sectional study using existing demographic, examination, laboratory and questionnaire data on 11,813 participants (5,814 men and 5,999 women, mean age ± SE; range: 52.74 ± 0.24; 30 to 80 years) from the 2009 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Unadjusted, sex-and age-adjusted, as well as fully adjusted linear and logistic regression models were conducted in addition to generalized structural equations models, while considering sampling design complexity., odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals, indirect effects and mediation proportions were estimated. Results:The weighted mean WBC count was 7,130 cells/µL, with the WBC 5-part differential estimated in terms of percentages of lymphocytes (29.50%), monocytes (7.99%), neutrophils (59.03%), eosinophils (2.84%), and basophils (71.88%). Furthermore, 36.2% of participants reported <7 hours of sleep and 49.8% had periodontitis. In fully adjusted models controlling for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health characteristics, neither WBC markers nor periodontitis were related to hours of sleep.By contrast, periodontitis was directly related to WBC count and %neutrophils and inversely related to %lymphocytes, especially among men. However, the relationship of periodontitis with %neutrophils and %lymphocytes may be modified by hours of sleep, as it was specific to individuals reporting ≥7 hours of sleep. Conclusion:Periodontitis may be directly related to WBC count and %neutrophils and inversely related to %lymphocytes, especially among men and individuals reporting ≥7 hours of sleep, with implications for primary and secondary prevention. K E Y W O R D Sinflammation, leukocytes, periodontitis, sleep, surveys and questionnaires 582

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal disease, sleep duration, and white blood cell markers in the 2009 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Hossain

Journal of Periodontology

et al. 2019

“…Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), the enzyme that catalyzes prostaglandin synthesis, has been extensively investigated as a target in cancer therapy and prevention ( Wang et al, 2005 ; Zha et al, 2001 ; Gupta et al, 2000 ; Yoshimura et al, 2000 ; Krishnan & Feldman, 2010 ; Sun et al, 2018 ). COX-2 is overexpressed in putative cancer precursor inflammatory lesions in tissues such as breast and prostate, in a variety of cancer cell lines, as well as in macrophages and other cells in the tumor microenvironment ( de Cremoux et al, 2018 ; Sano et al, 2018 ). Calcitriol regulates the expression of several genes in the prostaglandin pathway; in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that calcitriol + nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents which inhibit COX-2 potentiate the growth inhibitory effects of calcitriol ( Davila-Gonzalez et al, 2017 ; Basudhar et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Anticancer Effects Of Vitamin D Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcitriol and cancer therapy: A missed opportunity

Trump

2018

Bone Reports

The vitamin D receptor is expressed in most tissues of the body – and the cancers that arise from those tissues. The vitamin D signaling pathway is active in those tissues and cancers. This is at least consistent with the hypothesis that perturbing this signaling may have a favorable effect on the genesis and growth of cancers. Epidemiologic data indicate that vitamin D signaling may be important in the initiation and outcome of a number of types of cancer. Many studies have shown that calcitriol (1,25 dihydroxycholecalciferol) and other vitamin D compounds have antiproliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-cell migration and antiangiogenic activity in a number of preclinical studies in many different cancer types. Unfortunately, the assessment of the activity of calcitriol or other vitamin D analogues in the treatment of cancer, as single agents or in combination with other anticancer agents has been stymied by the failure to adhere to commonly accepted principles of drug development and clinical trials conduct.

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

“…As an important indicator of inflammation, the transcription factor p65 (NF-κB) reduces the expression of the downstream protein prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) by activated luteolin (MOL022) [51]. Studies have shown that COX2 may be affected by systemic inflammation, and the prognostic impact of COX2 expression depends on tumor characteristics [52]. Also, iNOS is the main mediator of inflammation, and iNOS can enhance inflammation and plays an important role in apoptosis [53].…”

Section: Inflammation Effects Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effect of Network-Based Multicomponent Drugs: An Investigation on the Treatment of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Compound Liuju Formula

Jiang

Liu

et al. 2019

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death with high morbidity and mortality, which non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for the majority. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is effective in the treatment of complex diseases, especially cancer. However, TCM is still in the conceptual stage. e interaction between different components remains unknown due to its multicomponent and multitarget characteristics. In this study, compound Liuju formula was taken as an example to isolate compounds with synergistic biological activity through systems pharmacology strategy. rough pharmacokinetic evaluation, 37 potentially active compounds were screened out. Meanwhile, 116 targets of these compounds were obtained by combing with the target prediction model. rough network analysis, we found that multicomponent drugs can present a synergistic effect through regulating inflammatory signaling pathway, invasion pathway, proliferation, and apoptosis pathway. Finally, it was confirmed that the bioactive compounds of compound Liuju formula have not only a killing effect on NSCLC tumor cells but also a synergistic effect on inhibiting the secretion of correlative inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α and IL-1β. e systems pharmacology method was applied in this study, which provides a new direction for analyzing the mechanism of TCM.