Correlation of Immunoglobulins and Lymphocytes Levels With the Clinical and Microbiological Response of Septic Patients With Gram-Negative Bacteremia

Abstract

Background Immunoglobulins (Igs) and cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems play a critical role in a host’s response to sepsis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible differences in the levels of Igs, white blood cells (WBCs), and T and B lymphocytes cells in relation to the microbiological and clinical responses of patients with sepsis or septic shock from carbapenem non-susceptible Gram-negative bacteria (CnS-GNB). Methods This pilot cohort study involved 24 hospitalized patients with sepsis or septic shock due to bacteremia from CnS-GNB. The microbiological and clinical responses of the patients were evaluated in relation to their blood levels of IgA, IgE, IgM and IgG, as well as WBCs and subpopulations of T and B cells upon sepsis diagnosis. A microbiological response was determined as clearance of bacteremia at 14 days of active antibiotic treatment for the isolated bacterial pathogen. Clinical response was defined as the resolution of all clinical and laboratory signs of infection and sepsis at 14 days of active antibiotic treatment for the isolated pathogen. Results From the 24 patients included in the study 18 (75%) and six patients (25%) presented and did not present microbiological response respectively, while 16 patients presented clinical response (64%) and eight patients (36%) did not have clinical response. The levels of the Igs did not show statistically significant differences between patients with sepsis from CnS-GNB bacteremia who exhibited microbiological or clinical response. There were also no statistically significant differences in the levels of WBCs and the subpopulations of T and B cells levels for these patients (P > 0.05). According to this pilot study, peripheral blood Igs and lymphocyte subpopulations levels do not affect the clinical and microbiological response of septic patients with bacteremia from CnS-GNB. Conclusions In patients with sepsis or septic shock from CnSGNB, there were no differences in the levels of Igs, circulating WBCs and T and B cells subpopulations between those with microbiological or clinical response and non-responders.

A Retrospective Study of Clinical and Immunological Features of a Pediatric Population with Talaromyces marneffei Infection

“…Igs are known to play a critical role in initiating host–pathogen interaction. Thus, serum Ig levels can reflect the immune status to a large extent [ 12 , 13 ]. To investigate whether the elevated levels of serum Igs in patients with T. marneffei infection have any clinical relevance, we performed a correlation among WBC, lymphocyte count and serum Ig levels (IgE, IgA and IgM) by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient (Pearson’s r ).…”

Survey of immunological and bacteriological parameters of septicemia in patients hospitalized in ICU departments of Mosul hospitals

“…The mean of IgM and IgG of patients with septicemia compared to the healthy control group reached 620 ± 1075; 40.9 ± 22.5 pg/mL and 0.121 ± 0.454; 0.00 ± 0.00 pg/mL, respectively. Immunoglobulins and cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems play a critical role in host response to sepsis (Aretha et al, 2021). The changes in the total immunoglobulin concentrations may reflect exposure to environmental triggers, such as viral infections, bacterial infections, hypertension, shortness of breathing (SOB), heart failure (HF) and insulinopenia before clinical disease onset (Gorus et al, 1998;Rahimkhani and Ghofrani, 2008).…”