Correlation of Histopathological Change with Urinary N-Acetyl Glucosaminidase (NAG) Levels in the Detection of Early Injury to Renal Tubules

Abstract

Short Communicationspublic information reports to FDA; a total of 13 reports were reviewed. Factors related to PPA effect, such as basal sympathetic tone, daily dosage, dosage form, and chemical structure of the product, were considered. Data were evaluated using a measure of effect size (d) described by Rosenthal and Rubin (1982) designed to facilitate comparisons across independent clinical studies. Metaanalysis, using clinical results from nearly 2000In the kidney, the proximal renal tubule is the most frequent site of drug-induced damage. Early detection of such damage is difficult and the standard commonly used tests for serum creatinine and urea have relatively low sensitivity and specificityThis study was designed to determine the excretion of 3H-cocaine-derived radioactivity into milk and to compare the blood and tissue concentrations of 3H-cocaine in rat dams and their prog-161 subjects who received a range of doses: placebo, 25 to 50mg immediate release and 75 to 150mg sustained release, suggests that PPA does not pose a unique cardiovascular risk to consumers. ReferenceRosenthal R, Rubin RL. Comparing effect sizes of independent studies. Psychological Bulletin 92: [500][501][502][503][504] 1982 for proximal tubular damage. Among other possible methods, the urinary excretion of N-acetyl glucosaminidase (NAG), expressed as its ratio with urinary creatinine, has been suggested; the results, which form part of a larger study, show the correlation between NAG, serum creatinine and urea, and histopathological changes seen in a series of routine diagnostic biopsies carried out in a hospital renal unit. Results suggest that, in urine samples collected overnight, NAG elevations are closely linked with active damage to proximal tubular cells and reach abnormal levels before creatinine and urea. NAG levels decline with reductions in cell numbers, interstitial scarring and fibrosis, whereas serum creatine and urea levels may at this stage be increased. This emphasises the difference in the functional basis of the respective tests. eny. Soon after birth, each litter was reduced to 8 pups, if necessary by random culling. A single dose of an aqueous solution of 3H-cocaine (100 mg/kg) was administered by gavage to mothers on postpartum days 5 to 7. Dams were allowed to nurse their offspring while the blood and milk concentrations of radioactivity were monitored for up to 24 hours. Radioactivity profiles of blood and milk followed a similar time course, reaching a peak at 6 hours, remaining steady up to 12 hours and declining slowly thereafter. At 24 hours, the mean maternal blood concentrations of 3H-cocaine were 8-fold greater (35.4 vs 4.4 ~gfml) than those of the pup blood. Among the pup tissues examined, the