Correlation of Himalayan exhumation rates and Asian monsoon intensity

Clift, Peter D.; Hodges, Kip; Heslop, David; Hannigan, Robyn; Long, Hoang Van; Calvès, Gérôme

doi:10.1038/ngeo351

Cited by 642 publications

(502 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…It identifies the Greater Himalaya as the exhumed mid-to lower-continental crust that resided directly above a subduction zone from approximately 50 to 25 Ma. Finally, the hard collision was followed by a substantial increase in erosion rates within the Himalayan system, which may reflect a more virgorous South Asian monsoon (50), highlighting another potential link between geodynamic processes forming the Tibetan-Himalayan mountain belt and climate evolution.…”

Section: Subduction History and Mantle Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater India Basin hypothesis and a two-stage Cenozoic collision between India and Asia

Hinsbergen

Lippert

Dupont‐Nivet

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

576

526

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Cenozoic convergence between the Indian and Asian plates produced the archetypical continental collision zone comprising the Himalaya mountain belt and the Tibetan Plateau. How and where India-Asia convergence was accommodated after collision at or before 52 Ma remains a long-standing controversy. Since 52 Ma, the two plates have converged up to 3,600 AE 35 km, yet the upper crustal shortening documented from the geological record of Asia and the Himalaya is up to approximately 2,350-km less. Here we show that the discrepancy between the convergence and the shortening can be explained by subduction of highly extended continental and oceanic Indian lithosphere within the Himalaya between approximately 50 and 25 Ma. Paleomagnetic data show that this extended continental and oceanic "Greater India" promontory resulted from 2,675 AE 700 km of North-South extension between 120 and 70 Ma, accommodated between the Tibetan Himalaya and cratonic India. We suggest that the approximately 50 Ma "India"-Asia collision was a collision of a Tibetan-Himalayan microcontinent with Asia, followed by subduction of the largely oceanic Greater India Basin along a subduction zone at the location of the Greater Himalaya. The "hard" India-Asia collision with thicker and contiguous Indian continental lithosphere occurred around 25-20 Ma. This hard collision is coincident with far-field deformation in central Asia and rapid exhumation of Greater Himalaya crystalline rocks, and may be linked to intensification of the Asian monsoon system. This two-stage collision between India and Asia is also reflected in the deep mantle remnants of subduction imaged with seismic tomography.continent-continent collision | mantle tomography | plate reconstructions | Cretaceous T he present geological boundary between India and Asia is marked by the Indus-Yarlung suture zone, which contains deformed remnants of the ancient Neotethys Ocean (1, 2) (Fig. 1). North of the Indus-Yarlung suture is the southernmost continental fragment of Asia, the Lhasa block. South of the suture lies the Himalaya, composed of (meta)sedimentary rocks that were scraped off now-subducted Indian continental crust and mantle lithosphere and thrust southward over India during collision. The highest structural unit of the Himalaya is overlain by fragments of oceanic lithosphere (ophiolites).We apply the common term Greater India to refer to the part of the Indian plate that has been subducted underneath Tibet since the onset of Cenozoic continental collision. A 52 Ma minimum age of collision between northernmost Greater India and the Lhasa block is constrained by 52 Ma sedimentary rocks in the northern, "Tibetan" Himalaya that include detritus from the Lhasa block (3). This collision age is consistent with independent paleomagnetic evidence for overlapping paleolatitudes for the Tibetan Himalaya and the Lhasa blocks at 48.6 AE 6.2 Ma ( Fig. 2; SI Text) as well as with an abrupt decrease in India-Asia convergence rates beginning at 55-50 Ma, as demonstrated by India-Asia plate circuits ...

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Section: Subduction History and Mantle Tomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greater India Basin hypothesis and a two-stage Cenozoic collision between India and Asia

Hinsbergen

Lippert

Dupont‐Nivet

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

576

526

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“…The Indian Monsoon is an important component of the Asian monsoon system, and has had fundamental impacts on the climate of the southern Himalayas, Tibet and SW China (Wang, 1990;Ding et al, 1994;Clemens et al, 1996;Clift et al, 2008). 17 The Neogene climate of the Yunnan Plateau has been largely controlled by the Indian Monsoon, which brings abundant precipitation resulting in intense weathering and formation of lateritic weathering profiles.…”

Section: A Causal Link To the Indian Monsoonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochronology of the Baye Mn oxide deposit, southern Yunnan Plateau: Implications for the late Miocene to Pleistocene paleoclimatic conditions and topographic evolution

Deng

Vasconcelos

et al. 2014

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Please cite this article as: Deng, X-D., Li, J-W., Vasconcelos, P.M., Cohen, B.E., Kusky, T.M., Geochronology of the Baye Mn oxide deposit, southern Yunnan Plateau: implications for the late Miocene to Pleistocene paleoclimatic conditions and topographic evolution, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (2014), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.gca. 2014.04.036 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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“…It was suggested that there was an episode of rifting at 12-14 Ma which caused an accelerated subsidence (Clift and Lin 2001;Zhou et al 2009). But monsoon strengthening was suggested also for the same period (Clift et al 2008). The dominant cause of the accelerated sedimentation at 13.8-12.5 Ma should be further investigated.…”

Section: Peaks Of Deposition Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…8a, b). A strengthening of the monsoon was recorded and the maximum elevation of the Tibetan plateau was observed at *18 Ma (Clift et al 2002a(Clift et al , 2008Williams et al 2001). The subsidence was moderate at this time (Zhao et al 2011).…”

Section: Peaks Of Deposition Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Cenozoic sedimentary evolution of deepwater sags in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea

et al. 2013

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Recent exploration revealed the high potential for hydrocarbon in the deepwater sags, Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea. This paper reports its Cenozoic sedimentary evolution through backstripping of high precision depth data of interpreted sequence boundaries. Local backstripping parameters were mapped based on well and geophysical data. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the reliability of decompaction results were largely improved by using the local porosity parameters and the lithological parameters that vary with grid nodes. Maps of sedimentation rates of 17 sequences from 65 Ma to the present were constructed, showing the spatial-temporal variation of the sedimentation rate. Three rapid depositional stages, 65-32, 29-23.3, 18.5-10.5 Ma, and three slow depositional stages, 32-29, 23.3-18.5, 10.5-0 Ma, were identified with abrupt changes of sedimentary patterns. The three rapid depositional stages were in accord with syn-rifting stage, the first post-rifting depositional stage, and the second post-rifting depositional stage, respectively. And the three slow depositional stages were in keeping with three tectonic events respectively. Several significant sedimentary discontinuities at 32, 23.3 and 10.5 Ma were observed and discussed. The comparison between the study area and the ODP Site 1148 at 32-23.3 Ma indicates that before *29 Ma the ODP Site 1148 was at similar sedimentation regime as that in the Baiyun and Liwan sags, but significant diversity appeared after *29 Ma, when a large quantity of terrigenous sediments was trapped by strong post-rifting subsidence in the Baiyun and Liwan sags and could not reach the lower slope areas. Study revealed that the most rapid accumulation from 18.5 to 17.5 Ma might be mainly owing to the large sediment supply during this strong monsoon period.

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Correlation of Himalayan exhumation rates and Asian monsoon intensity

Cited by 642 publications

References 42 publications

Greater India Basin hypothesis and a two-stage Cenozoic collision between India and Asia

Greater India Basin hypothesis and a two-stage Cenozoic collision between India and Asia

Geochronology of the Baye Mn oxide deposit, southern Yunnan Plateau: Implications for the late Miocene to Pleistocene paleoclimatic conditions and topographic evolution

Cenozoic sedimentary evolution of deepwater sags in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea

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