Correlation of fungal penetration, CWDE activities and defense-related genes with resistance of durum wheat cultivars to Zymoseptoria tritici

Somai-Jemmali, L; Siah, Ali; Harbaoui, Kalthoum; Fergaoui, S.; Randoux, Béatrice; Magnin-Robert, Maryline; Halama, Patrice; Reignault, Ph; Hamada, Walid

doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2017.08.003

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The CHIT gene codes for the hydrolytic enzyme of the chitin in the pathogen cell wall, and many studies have shown its induction in resistant cultivars to M. graminicola contrarily to susceptible cultivars where it was downregulated (Somai-Jemmali et al, 2017; Ors et al, 2018). However, the association between the gene markers of the basal defenses, CHIT, GLU, TLP , and PR1 was observed previously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Plant Genotype, Growth Stage, and Mycosphaerella graminicola Strains on the Efficiency and Durability of Wheat-Induced Resistance by Paenibacillus sp. Strain B2

Samain¹,

Aussenac²,

Selim³

2019

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria are known as potential biofertilizers and plant-resistance inducers. The current work aims to study the durability of the resistance induced as a response to the inoculation of wheat grains with Paenibacillus sp. strain B2 (PB2) and its influence by plant genotype, growth stage, and Mycosphaerella graminicola strain (the causal agent of Septoria tritici blotch or STB). The results of the plate-counting method showed that PB2 has high potential for wheat-root external colonization [>10 6 colony-forming unit (CFU)/g of root], and the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis demonstrated its internal root-colonization capacity on all tested cultivars. However, the colonization seems to be dependent on wheat-growth stage. The durability of PB2-induced resistance (PB2-IR) was tested at the 3-leaf, tillering, and flag-leaf-growth stages. Additionally, the results showed that the PB2-IR is durable and able to protect the flag leaf, the most important leaf layer during grain fill. It conferred a high protection efficiency (55–94%) against four virulent strains of M. graminicola and over 11 wheat cultivars with different resistance levels to STB. Although, PB2-IR is dependent on M. graminicola strains, wheat genotypes and growth stages, its efficiency, under field conditions, at protecting the last wheat-leaf layers was not an influence. However, it showed 71–79% of protection and reached 81–94% in association with half of the recommended dose of Cherokee ® fungicide. This may be explained using laboratory results by its direct impact on M. graminicola strains in these leaf layers and by the indirect reduction of the inoculum coming from leaves infected during the earlier growth stages. Gene expression results showed that PB2-IR is correlated to upregulation of genes involved in defense and cell rescue and a priming effect in the basal defense, jasmonic acid signaling, phenylpropanoids and phytoalexins, and reactive oxygen species gene markers. To conclude, PB2 induces a high and durable resistance against M. graminicola under controlled and field conditions. The PB2-IR is a pathogen strain and is plant-growth-stage and genotype dependent. These results highlight the importance of taking into consideration these factors so as to avoid losing the effectiveness of induced resistance under field conditions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Plant Genotype, Growth Stage, and Mycosphaerella graminicola Strains on the Efficiency and Durability of Wheat-Induced Resistance by Paenibacillus sp. Strain B2

Samain¹,

Aussenac²,

Selim³

2019

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) are part of the carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) produced by plant pathogens for penetrating and degrading the plant cell walls, and these CAZymes have been directly linked to devastating crop diseases (Zhang, Bruton & Biles, 2014; Somai-Jemmali et al, 2017; Gawade et al, 2017). Plant pathogenic fungi, especially among the fungal families of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota, have been reported to contain the highest number of CAZymes (Zhao et al, 2013; Kubicek, Starr & Glass, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, genome and transcriptome analyses indicate different profiles of CAZymes were produced by pathogenic fungi during different stages of pathogenesis transition from biotrophic to necrotrophic lifestyles (O’Connell et al, 2012; M’Barek et al, 2015). Enzymatic production of CWDE by pathogenic fungi has been found to be correlated with the degree of pathogenicity and cell wall disintegration of infected plant hosts (Kang & Buchenauer, 2000; Wanjiru, Zhensheng & Buchenauer, 2002; Lyu et al, 2015; Somai-Jemmali et al, 2017). Considering the importance of CWDE in the uptake of nutrients from plant host, these hydrolytic enzymes are considered as the key pathogenicity determinant among plant pathogens (Brito, Espino & González, 2006; Kubicek, Starr & Glass, 2014; Bravo Ruiz, Di Pietro & Roncero, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into plant cell wall degradation and pathogenesis of Ganoderma boninense via comparative genome analysis

Ramzi

Ruslan

et al. 2019

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundG. boninense is a hemibiotrophic fungus that infects oil palms (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) causing basal stem rot (BSR) disease and consequent massive economic losses to the oil palm industry. The pathogenicity of this white-rot fungus has been associated with cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) released during saprophytic and necrotrophic stage of infection of the oil palm host. However, there is a lack of information available on the essentiality of CWDEs in wood-decaying process and pathogenesis of this oil palm pathogen especially at molecular and genome levels.MethodsIn this study, comparative genome analysis was carried out using the G. boninense NJ3 genome to identify and characterize carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZymes) including CWDE in the fungal genome. Augustus pipeline was employed for gene identification in G. boninense NJ3 and the produced protein sequences were analyzed via dbCAN pipeline and PhiBase 4.5 database annotation for CAZymes and plant-host interaction (PHI) gene analysis, respectively. Comparison of CAZymes from G. boninense NJ3 was made against G. lucidum, a well-studied model Ganoderma sp. and five selected pathogenic fungi for CAZymes characterization. Functional annotation of PHI genes was carried out using Web Gene Ontology Annotation Plot (WEGO) and was used for selecting candidate PHI genes related to cell wall degradation of G. boninense NJ3.ResultsG. boninense was enriched with CAZymes and CWDEs in a similar fashion to G. lucidum that corroborate with the lignocellulolytic abilities of both closely-related fungal strains. The role of polysaccharide and cell wall degrading enzymes in the hemibiotrophic mode of infection of G. boninense was investigated by analyzing the fungal CAZymes with necrotrophic Armillaria solidipes, A. mellea, biotrophic Ustilago maydis, Melampsora larici-populina and hemibiotrophic Moniliophthora perniciosa. Profiles of the selected pathogenic fungi demonstrated that necrotizing pathogens including G. boninense NJ3 exhibited an extensive set of CAZymes as compared to the more CAZymes-limited biotrophic pathogens. Following PHI analysis, several candidate genes including polygalacturonase, endo β-1,3-xylanase, β-glucanase and laccase were identified as potential CWDEs that contribute to the plant host interaction and pathogenesis.DiscussionThis study employed bioinformatics tools for providing a greater understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying the production of CAZymes in G. boninense NJ3. Identification and profiling of the fungal polysaccharide- and lignocellulosic-degrading enzymes would further facilitate in elucidating the infection mechanisms through the production of CWDEs by G. boninense. Identification of CAZymes and CWDE-related PHI genes in G. boninense would serve as the basis for functional studies of genes associated with the fungal virulence and pathogenicity using systems biology and genetic engineering approaches.

show abstract

“…Cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) are part of the carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) produced by plant pathogens for penetrating and degrading the plant cell walls, and these CAZymes have been directly linked to devastating crop diseases (Zhang, Bruton & Biles, 2014;Somai-Jemmali et al, 2017;Gawade et al, 2017). Plant pathogenic fungi, namely among the fungal families of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Zygomycota, have been reported to contain the highest number of CAZymes (Zhao et al, 2013;Kubicek, Starr & Glass, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, genome and transcriptome analyses indicate different profiles of CAZymes were produced by pathogenic fungi during different stages of pathogenesis transition from biotrophic to necrotrophic lifestyles (O'Connell et al, 2012;M'Barek et al, 2015). Enzymatic production of CWDE by pathogenic fungi has been found to be correlated with the degree of pathogenicity and cell wall disintegration of infected plant hosts (Kang & Buchenauer, 2000;Wanjiru, Zhensheng & Buchenauer, 2002;Lyu et al, 2015;Somai-Jemmali et al, 2017). Considering the importance of CWDE in the uptake of nutrients from plant host, these hydrolytic enzymes are considered as the key pathogenicity determinant among plant pathogens (Brito, PeerJ reviewing PDF | (2018:12:33674:3:0:NEW 14 Oct 2019)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Insight into plant cell wall degradation and pathogenesis of Ganoderma boninense via comparative genome analysis (v0.1)"

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background G. boninense is a hemibiotrophic fungus that infects oil palms (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) causing basal stem rot (BSR) disease and consequent massive economic losses to the oil palm industry. The pathogenicity of this white-rot fungus has been associated with cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs) released during saprophytic and necrotrophic stage of infection of the oil palm host. However, there is a lack of information available on the essentiality of CWDEs in wood-decaying process and pathogenesis of this oil palm pathogen especially at molecular and genome levels. Methods In this study, comparative genome analysis was carried out using G. boninense NJ3 genome to identify and characterize carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZymes) including CWDE in the fungal genome. Augustus pipeline was employed for gene identification in G. boninense NJ3 and the produced protein sequences were analyzed via dbCAN pipeline and PhiBase 4.5 database annotation for CAZymes and plant-host interaction (PHI) gene analysis, respectively. Comparison of CAZymes from G. boninense NJ3 was made against G. lucidum, a well-studied model Ganoderma sp. and five selected pathogenic fungi for CAZymes characterization. Functional annotation of PHI genes was carried out using Web Gene Ontology Annotation Plot (WEGO) and was used for selecting candidate PHI genes related to cell wall degradation of G. boninense NJ3. Results G. boninense was enriched with CAZymes and CWDEs in a similar fashion to G. lucidum that corroborate with the lignocellulolytic abilities of both closely-related fungal strains. The role of polysaccharide and cell wall degrading enzymes in the hemibiotrophic mode of infection of G. boninense was investigated by analyzing the fungal CAZymes with necrotrophic Armillaria solidipes, A. mellea, biotrophic Ustilago maydis, Melampsora larici-populina and hemibiotrophic Moniliophthora perniciosa. Profiles of the selected pathogenic fungi demonstrated that necrotizing pathogens including G. boninense NJ3 exhibited an extensive set of CAZymes as compared to the more CAZymes-limited biotrophic pathogens. Following PHI analysis, several candidate genes including polygalacturonase, endo β-1,3-xylanase, β-glucanase and laccase were identified as potential CWDEs that contribute to the plant host interaction and pathogenesis. Discussion This study employed bioinformatics tools for providing a greater understanding of the biological

show abstract

Correlation of fungal penetration, CWDE activities and defense-related genes with resistance of durum wheat cultivars to Zymoseptoria tritici

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

The Effect of Plant Genotype, Growth Stage, and Mycosphaerella graminicola Strains on the Efficiency and Durability of Wheat-Induced Resistance by Paenibacillus sp. Strain B2

The Effect of Plant Genotype, Growth Stage, and Mycosphaerella graminicola Strains on the Efficiency and Durability of Wheat-Induced Resistance by Paenibacillus sp. Strain B2

Insight into plant cell wall degradation and pathogenesis of Ganoderma boninense via comparative genome analysis

Peer Review #1 of "Insight into plant cell wall degradation and pathogenesis of Ganoderma boninense via comparative genome analysis (v0.1)"

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About