Correlation of Flicker-Induced and Flow-Mediated Vasodilatation in Patients With Endothelial Dysfunction and Healthy Volunteers

Pemp, Berthold; Weigert, Günther; Karl, Katharina; Petzl, U.; Wolzt, Michael; Schmetterer, Leopold; Garhöfer, Gerhard

doi:10.2337/dc08-2130

Cited by 75 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Endothelium-dependent RFR, which includes FID and MAC, is impaired in several disorders associated with EDF and is paired with stiffened connective tissue. [15][16][17]19 The retinal peripapillary region is a designated low-flow area, and it was found that in an artificial low-flow area, flow-mediated constriction was diminished after endothelial denudation through catheterization, suggesting that this is an endothelium-dependent reaction. 20 In preeclampsia RFR is impaired.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35 Altered retinal microvascular function is closely associated with cardiovascular risk factors and may predict to some extent future CVD or may be of some use for first trimester risk assessment. 11,19 One limitation of the study may be that PE group consisted of women with predominantly mild early-and lateonset preeclampsia (85.3%), with potentially less impact on retinal vessel dynamics, and women with severe preeclampsia. The latter have different pathophysiologic mechanisms and may be under-represented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Altered Retinal Flicker Response Indicates Microvascular Dysfunction in Women With Preeclampsia

Brückmann¹,

Seeliger²,

Lehmann³

et al. 2015

Hypertension

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Abstract-Flicker-induced dilatation is reduced in patients with cardiovascular risk, and the following arteriolar constriction is reduced with aging, leading to a reduced arteriolar amplitude and, thereby, indicating microvascular endothelial dysfunction. As endothelial dysfunction is associated with preeclampsia, we assessed retinal flicker response during pregnancy and postpartum. Between 2006 and 2013, women were recruited from University Hospital Jena and Prenatal Diagnostic Center Erfurt, Germany, of which 34 women with preeclampsia, 45 women with normal pregnancy, and 22 nonpregnant controls were included in the study. Women with normal pregnancy were matched for age, nulliparity, smoking, previous gestational hypertensive disorders, and family history of cardiovascular disease. Nonpregnant women were age-matched, nulliparous, nonsmoking, without family history of cardiovascular disease. Retinal vessel measurement using Dynamic Vessel Analyzer consisted of 50-seconds baseline acquisition, followed by three 20-second flicker and 80-second relaxation periods. Arteriolar constriction and arteriolar amplitude were reduced during pregnancy (P=0.001 and P=0.008) and postpartum (P=0.018 and P=0.034) in women with preeclampsia, adjusted for age, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, baseline diameter, and family history of cardiovascular disease. Flicker-induced dilatation was unchanged within the groups and throughout the study period. The unchanged flicker-induced dilatation may support a preserved autoregulatory competence of the microvasculature, and the diminished arteriolar amplitude, mainly because of the absence of the arteriolar constriction, indicates a commenced retinal microvascular dysfunction in women with preeclampsia during pregnancy and postpartum. Mechanisms responsible for altered retinal flicker response in preeclampsia need to be clarified in further studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Retinal Flicker Response Indicates Microvascular Dysfunction in Women With Preeclampsia

Brückmann¹,

Seeliger²,

Lehmann³

et al. 2015

Hypertension

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“…For example, decreased L-arginine conversion to NO has been shown in hypertensive individuals after salt loading (Ni and Vaziri, 2001). Flow-mediated vasodilatation was significantly reduced in affected individuals compared to that in healthy control subjects (Pemp et al, 2009). Hemeoxygenases are the rate-limiting enzymes in heme catabolism, which leads to the generation of CO (Maines, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs) in endothelial function

Guo

Liang

Wang

et al. 2015

Journal of Cell Science

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An increasing number of mechano-sensitive ion channels in endothelial cells have been identified in response to blood flow and hydrostatic pressure. However, how these channels respond to flow under different physiological and pathological conditions remains unknown. Our results show that epithelial Na + channels (ENaCs) colocalize with hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and hemeoxygenase-2 (HO-2) within the caveolae on the apical membrane of endothelial cells and are sensitive to stretch pressure and shear stress. ENaCs exhibited low levels of activity until their physiological environment was changed; in this case, the upregulation of HO-1, which in turn facilitated heme degradation and hence increased the carbon monoxide (CO) generation. CO potently increased the bioactivity of ENaCs, releasing the channel from inhibition. Endothelial cells responded to shear stress by increasing the Na + influx rate. Elevation of intracellular Na + concentration hampered the transportation of L-arginine, resulting in impaired nitric oxide (NO) generation. Our data suggest that ENaCs that are endogenous to human endothelial cells are mechano-sensitive. Persistent activation of ENaCs could inevitably lead to endothelium dysfunction and even vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis.

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“…This technique is independent of physical characteristics such as gender, age and BMI [14], and there are several studies that highlight an association of the FMD to several markers of active atherosclerotic disease, and even cardiovascular events. For instance, Yeboah et al, [15] have shown that FMD is a predictor of the incidence of cardiovascular events in adults with no prior cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and Gokce et al, [16] pointed it out as a predictor for the occurrence of cardiovascular events in postsurgery.FMD is a useful measure of the endothelial function and, if applied in a meticulous manner, it can be used as a marker for the exposition of cardiac risk factors and their functional biological effects on healthy people [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosed, undiagnosed and overall atrial fibrillation research on population over 60 year-old. AFABE study

Clúa-Espuny¹,

Princep²,

Roso-Llorach³

et al. 2014

Cardio Vasc Syst

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the administration of dark chocolatein the endothelial and vascular function in a healthy and young population. Methods: A randomized and controlled trial was carried out involving 30 healthy young individuals of Portuguese nationality, mean age 19.99±1.02 years, randomized into two groups: control group (CG) and intervention group (IG). The IG underwent a month ingestion of 8gr/daily of 70% cocoa chocolate. All the individuals were submitted to two clinical assessments, basal and after one month of intervention, in which their weight, height, body mass index (BMI), Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were assessed. In the second moment glycaemia was also assessed. Results: CG and IG groups had similar baseline clinical and demographic characteristics. The basal FMD was similar in the IG and the CG, but was significantly different in the second evaluation, with the IG showing higher FMD values (23±7% versus 13±6%, respectively for the IG and the CG; p<0.001). Endothelial function improved in the IG after the 1 month flavonoid intake, with the FMD increasing from 14±5% (baseline) to 23±7% (post-intervention; p<0.001), with no significant differences in the CG. No significant variation was observed vis-à-vis BMI, blood pressure, HR and glycaemia. Conclusion: The daily ingestion of 8g/day of 70% cocoa chocolateduring a month improves the endothelial function of young people, improving the endothelium-dependent vasodilatation.

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Correlation of Flicker-Induced and Flow-Mediated Vasodilatation in Patients With Endothelial Dysfunction and Healthy Volunteers

Cited by 75 publications

References 23 publications

Altered Retinal Flicker Response Indicates Microvascular Dysfunction in Women With Preeclampsia

Altered Retinal Flicker Response Indicates Microvascular Dysfunction in Women With Preeclampsia

Role of epithelial sodium channels (ENaCs) in endothelial function

Diagnosed, undiagnosed and overall atrial fibrillation research on population over 60 year-old. AFABE study

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