Correlation of Extractables Transfer from Low-Density Polyethylene into Extraction Solvents with Abraham Solvation Parameter Model and Assessment of Thermodynamic and Kinetic Effects in Achieving Exhaustive Extractions in Chemical Characterization of Medical Devices

Li, Jianwei

doi:10.1007/s10953-023-01286-z

Cited by 2 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 73 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, if a significant fraction of extractables in the polymer can migrate into a solvent thermodynamically, the amount of extractables observed at specific time points is dominated by diffusion, and can often be described as approximately proportional to the square root of time [20,[24][25][26]. It is noted that P p/l is used in this study, consistent with the notation typically used by the solvation model [33]; however, K p/l is typically used in food industries [24,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…It is noted that the general solvation model has been used to describe the transfer between polymeric phases and liquid solvent phases with and without a material swelling [33]. One of the major goals of this study is to apply the solvation model to LDPE-lipid system to understand the thermodynamic effect on over-extraction of medical devices by nonpolar solvents, including alkanes.…”

Section: Abraham Solvation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This correlation is called "Cycle-C". q LDPE-hexane partition system with a LDPE swelling [33]. The concentration unit is the molar concentration.…”

Section: Construction Of Abraham Solvation Model For Ldpe-lipid Parti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model for the LDPE-hexane partition constants (log 10 P ldpe/hexane ) has been constructed previously [33], as indicated by Equation (3) (and System L in Table 1).…”

Section: Construction Of Abraham Solvation Model For Ldpe-hexane Part...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) to evaluate the dependence of P ldpe/s on the hydrophobicity of extractables from a practical perspective, and the effect of P ldpe/s on over-extraction of medical devices by alkanes; and (4) to conduct a systematic study into the extent of over-extraction, using LDPE as an example. The first three goals are achieved by the Abraham solvation model, which has been used successfully to correlate the partition constant between polymeric materials and solvents with and without a material swelling [33]. The use of the solvation model to directly correlate the partition constants of LDPE-lipids has not been reported so far to the best of my knowledge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Evaluation of Thermodynamic and Kinetic Contributions to Over-Extraction of Extractables by Nonpolar Organic Solvents in Comparison to Lipids in Exhaustive and Exaggerated Extractions of Medical Devices Based on Abraham Solvation Model and Solvent–Material Interactions Using Low-Density Polyethylene as a Representative Material

2024

Liquids

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The thermodynamic and kinetic contributions to the over-extraction of extractables by nonpolar organic solvents relative to biological lipids in exhaustive and exaggerated extractions of medical devices are studied based on the Abraham solvation model and solvent–material interactions, using low-density polyethylene (LDPE) as an exemplary material. The thermodynamic effect is evaluated by the partition constant of extractables between LDPE and extraction solvents, hexane and lipids, defined as the concentration in the polymer phase divided by the concentration in the solvent phase. The Abraham solvation model is used to correlate the measured LDPE-lipid partition constant (log10Pldpe/lipid) to construct the predictive model. Similar models are also derived from the thermodynamic cycle conversion, using the system constants of LDPE-water and Lipid-water partition systems. These constructed models, together with the predictive LDPE-hexane (log10Pldpe/hexane) model established from a previous study, are used to predict and compare the ranges and values of Pldpe/s (s = lipids and hexane) for the observed LDPE extractables over a wide hydrophobicity range in log10Po/w from zero to 30. The solvent-LDPE interactions are examined by the degree of swelling of LDPE by hexane (or other nonpolar solvents) and lipids, including the solvent diffusion rates into the material. These parameters allow the evaluation of kinetic effect on the over-extraction. The extent of over-extraction is compiled directly by experimental “overall” or “specific” migration data or indirectly calculated by the diffusion coefficient of extractables when extracted by hexane or lipids. It is concluded from this study that the extractables distribution between LDPE and lipids highly favors the lipid phase thermodynamically (Pldpe/lipid<1), and the values of Pldpe/lipid are always lower than those of Pldpe/hexane, thereby indicating that the thermodynamic effect is not the cause of over-extraction. It is the kinetic effect that dominantly contributes to the over-extraction, as supported by the material swelling and solvent diffusion rates. Finally, the extent of over-extraction has been established from a few folds to over a hundred-fold, and the median value is 7. Furthermore, the methods adopted and developed in this study can be invaluable tools in other disciplines such as the reliable prediction of extractables from other device materials and environmental sampling.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Abraham Solvation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This correlation is called "Cycle-C". q LDPE-hexane partition system with a LDPE swelling [33]. The concentration unit is the molar concentration.…”

Section: Construction Of Abraham Solvation Model For Ldpe-lipid Parti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The model for the LDPE-hexane partition constants (log 10 P ldpe/hexane ) has been constructed previously [33], as indicated by Equation (3) (and System L in Table 1).…”

Section: Construction Of Abraham Solvation Model For Ldpe-hexane Part...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations