Correlation of Efficient Dispersion and Catalytic Performance of Nanocombustion Catalysts in Energetic Materials: A Case Study of the Nanocopper Oxide Catalyst with Superfine Ammonium Perchlorate

Kou, Yong; Zhang, Guangpu; Xiao, Lei; Luo, Peng; Xin, Yanping; Hu, Yubing; Yang, Junqing; Gao, Hongxu; Zhao, Fengqi; Jiang, Wei; Hao, Gazi

doi:10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02760

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In addition to metal oxides, many nanomaterials (nanometal powder, nanometal oxides and their salts, CNTs, etc.) can be utilized as combustion catalysts. − Nanomaterials have more surface reactive sites, better surface activity, and more robust catalytic performance as burning rate catalysts in propellants. The explanation for this is that numerous atoms with unsaturated coordination bonds arise on the surface of nanomaterials, resulting in the formation of multiple catalytic reactive sites. − The addition of nanocatalyst is conducive to the combustion of AN-based propellant, so it is essential to study the catalytic mechanism of nanocatalysts for AN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Ammonium Nitrate on the Main Crystal Surface of Ferric Oxide: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Lu,

Hu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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Understanding the decomposition process of ammonium nitrate (AN) on catalyst surfaces is crucial for the development of practical and efficient catalysts in AN-based propellants. In this study, two types of nano-Fe 2 O 3 catalysts were synthesized: spherical particles with high-exposure (104) facets and flaky particles with high-exposure (110) facets. Through thermal analysis and particle size analysis, it was found that the nanosheet-Fe 2 O 3 catalyst achieved more complete AN decomposition despite having a larger average particle size compared to nanosphere-Fe 2 O 3 . Subsequently, the effects of AN pyrolysis on the ( 110) and ( 104) facets were investigated by theoretical simulations. Through studying the interaction between AN and crystal facets, it was determined that the electron transfer efficiency on the (110) facet is stronger compared to that on the (104) facet. Additionally, the freeenergy step diagrams for the reaction of the AN molecule on the two facets were calculated with the DFT + U method. Comparative analysis led us to conclude that the (110) facet of α-Fe 2 O 3 is more favorable for AN pyrolysis compared to the (104) facet. Our study seeks to deepen the understanding of the mechanism underlying AN pyrolysis and present new ideas for the development of effective catalysts in AN pyrolysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Ammonium Nitrate on the Main Crystal Surface of Ferric Oxide: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Lu,

Hu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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“…At present, two strategies based on chemical and physical modifications are formed to upgrade the combustion characteristics and regression rates of solid fuel. On one hand, utilizing matrix materials with special mass transfer mechanisms, such as paraffin wax , and ethane gel, proves to be an effective method for enhancing the regression rate due to droplet entrainment and a vapor jetting mass transfer mechanism; however, the insufficient mechanical properties of paraffinic fuels at both high and low temperatures limit their widespread use in large engines. , On the other hand, the utilization of energetic materials can also significantly enhance the combustion performance of solid fuel. − Micro/nano metal particles, metal hydrides, and modified composite metal particles with a high energy density, a high gravimetric and volumetric heat, and a high thermal conductivity collectively enhance ballistic performance by increasing the flame temperature and reducing heat blockage. − However, many of the energetic materials are environmentally sensitive, posing safety limitations, while aggregation and agglomeration have been observed at the burning surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Characteristics of Vat-Photopolymerized Fuels with a Spiral Star Port for Hybrid Propulsion

Chen,

Fu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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Despite hybrid rocket motors offering distinct advantages over solid or liquid rocket motors, their low regression rate and insufficient combustion efficiency remain significantly unimproved. This study focuses on the effects of the helix lead on the regression rate distribution and combustion efficiency of vat-polymerized fuel grains with a spiral star port for a hybrid rocket. Both experimental and numerical investigations were conducted to study the combustion characteristics and regression rate distribution of three-dimensional (3D) print grains. Spiral star grains with varying helix leads of 60, 90, and 120 mm were fabricated using light-curing 3D printing technology. A 3D simulation model was developed to obtain the temperature distribution, species mass distribution, and combustion efficiency. Furthermore, firing tests were performed on a two-dimensional radial hybrid combustion test stand to measure the regression rate. Digital image processing of computed tomography images was used to determine the regression rate. Simulation results indicated that the spiral star grain port helps to improve the combustion efficiency compared with those seen with round tube and straight star port grains. With an increase in the axial distance, the flame zone gradually shrinks, and the smaller the helix lead, the faster the shrinkage. At a mass flow rate of 1.50 g/s for oxygen, the regression rate of the spiral star grains is significantly higher than that of the straight star grain and the conventional round tubular grains, and the regression rate gradually increases with a decrease in the helix lead. This finding is expected to solve the problem of the low regression rate of solid fuels with spiral star pore-shaped grains prepared by the light-curing 3D printing method.

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Construction of Fe Nanoparticles Interfacial Layer on Micron Al Surface: Boosting the Efficient Energy Release of High‐Energy DAP‐4 as a Gradient Catalyst

Kou,

Lu,

et al. 2024

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The high‐energy (H2dabco)[NH4(ClO4)3] (DAP‐4) with excellent energetic performance attracts wide attention from researchers. The investigation of its interaction with the Aluminum (Al) is of great importance. However, the higher ignition threshold of DAP‐4 and the dense oxide layer (Al2O3) of Al severely limit the energy release efficiency of Al/DAP‐4. In this study, a new idea to is first proposed to improve and adjust the thermal decomposition and combustion performance of Al/DAP‐4 by constructing a highly dispersed iron (Fe) nanoparticle interfacial layer. It acts as a gradient catalyst to promote the thermal decomposition and combustion of DAP‐4 and Al, and it also act as an oxygen transport channel to promote the contact and reaction of oxidizing gases with the internal reactive Al powder. It reduces the thermal decomposition temperature of Al@Fe‐3/DAP‐4 from 386.30 °C (Al/DAP‐4) to 349.48 °C and leads to the vigorous combustion. Theoretical calculations show that Fe nanoparticle interfacial layer can facilitate the transport of oxygen through the established oxygen transport channels, and it can also significantly improve the energetic properties of Al@Fe‐3/DAP‐4 composites. In conclusion, the new approach is proposed to improve the performance of metal fuel/oxidizer composites by constructing interfacial layers, which is expected to promote their practical applications.

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Correlation of Efficient Dispersion and Catalytic Performance of Nanocombustion Catalysts in Energetic Materials: A Case Study of the Nanocopper Oxide Catalyst with Superfine Ammonium Perchlorate

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Ammonium Nitrate on the Main Crystal Surface of Ferric Oxide: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Thermal Decomposition Mechanism of Ammonium Nitrate on the Main Crystal Surface of Ferric Oxide: Experimental and Theoretical Studies

Combustion Characteristics of Vat-Photopolymerized Fuels with a Spiral Star Port for Hybrid Propulsion

Construction of Fe Nanoparticles Interfacial Layer on Micron Al Surface: Boosting the Efficient Energy Release of High‐Energy DAP‐4 as a Gradient Catalyst

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