Correlation of corrected flow time in the carotid artery with changes in intravascular volume status

Effects of Volume Overload and Current Techniques for the Assessment of Fluid Status in Patients with Renal Disease

“…Although echocardiography might be considered a reliable method, its application might have some challenges. In severely ill patients, performing an echocardiography might be challenging due to difficulties in repositioning the patient and also because there is a requirement of a set of skills [84]. Therefore, it might be unfeasible to perform an echocardiography by any physician in intensive care units or emergency departments.…”

“…Blehar et al [84] and Hilbert et al [86] showed that FTc was increased after intravascular volume expansion. Blehar et al [84] also indicated that after fluid administration, although there was a significant change in FTc, there were no changes in mean arterial pressure or heart rate emphasizing the value of using FTc.…”

“…Blehar et al [84] and Hilbert et al [86] showed that FTc was increased after intravascular volume expansion. Blehar et al [84] also indicated that after fluid administration, although there was a significant change in FTc, there were no changes in mean arterial pressure or heart rate emphasizing the value of using FTc. Although Mackenzie et al [85] studied on blood donors, Hossein-Nejad et al [27] included hemodialysis patients in their study and both studies found a significant relationship showing decreased FTc in response to loss of intravascular volume.…”

“…Due to aforementioned reasons, using carotid artery (CA) as a substitute seemed feasible, since the CA is slightly distal to the aorta by providing very similar characteristics to the CA. Also, since CA is more superficial, evaluation requires less experience compared to ED or other methods like echocardiography and it was easier to perform in severely ill patients highlighting its value in the emergency situations [84,85].…”

“…Corrected flow time (FTc), flow time/√cycle time, calculated by considering heart rate correction is used to evaluate intravascular volume status and FTc was found to be directly correlated with intravascular volume by different studies [27,[84][85][86][87]. Blehar et al [84] and Hilbert et al [86] showed that FTc was increased after intravascular volume expansion.…”