Correlation of C2 Fractures and Vertebral Artery Injury

Vertebral artery injury and severely displaced odontoid fracture: the case for early reduction

“…The rate of vertebral artery injury associated with cervical spine injuries within the literature is reported between 11 and 80 % [4,7,8]. The literature suggests an 18 % prevalence of VAI in patients with C2 fractures and noted displacement to be a risk factor [9].…”

Guidelines on the Management of Atlanto-Axial Fractures in Adults: A Short Review

“…In the study by Greene et al [14], [25], 99% of axis body fractures were treated conservatively with external immobilization. Many of these fractures extend into the transverse foramen and are associated with vertebral artery injuries [26]. Korres et al [27] described a multiple atlas fracture pattern in 1% of patients.…”

Management of Isolated Fractures of the Axis in Adults

“…All provide Class III medical evidence and are summarized in Table 4. In 2010, Ding et al 77 published a retrospective review of 102 patients with axis fractures of all types and found that comminuted fractures of any type with fragments of bone within the foramen transversarium were associated with an increased risk of vertebral artery injury. Many miscellaneous axis fractures involve the transverse foramen; therefore, a high level of suspicion for potential vertebral artery injury should be maintained when these patients are evaluated.…”