Correlation of bone mineral density with strength and microstructural parameters of cortical bone in vitro

Wachter, N. J.; Krischak, Gert; Mentzel, M.; Sarkar, Michael R.; Ebinger, T.; Kinzl, L.; Claes, Lutz; Augat, Peter

doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(02)00779-2

Cited by 177 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Damage caused by the screws is also affected by several other factors, for example, by the geometry and design of the screws. However, strong correlations were found between the insertion torque and ThC and CSAC, which is in agreement with findings in earlier studies on distinguishing the critical parameters that determine a bones resistance to fracture [40][41][42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Analysis of plastic deformation in cortical bone after insertion of coated and non-coated self-tapping orthopaedic screws

Koistinen

Korhonen

Kiviranta

et al. 2011

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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Insertion of internal fracture fixation devices, such as screws, mechanically weakens the bone. Diamond-like carbon has outstanding tribology properties which may decrease the amount of damage in tissue. The purpose of this study was to investigate methods for quantification of cortical bone damage after orthopaedic bone screw insertion and to evaluate the effect of surface modification on tissue damage. In total, 48 stainless steel screws were inserted into cadaver bones. Half of the screws were coated with a smooth amorphous diamond coating. Geometrical data of the bones was determined by peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Thin sections of the bone samples were prepared after screw insertion, and histomorphometric evaluation of damage was performed on images obtained using light microscopy. Micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy were also used to examine tissue damage. A positive correlation was found between tissue damage and the geometric properties of the bone. The age of the cadaver significantly affected the bone mineral density, as well as the damage perimeter and diameter of the screw hole. However, the expected positive effect of surface modification was probably obscured by large variations in the results and, thus, statistically significant differences were not found in this study. This can be explained by natural variability in bone tissue, which also made automated image analysis difficult.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Analysis of plastic deformation in cortical bone after insertion of coated and non-coated self-tapping orthopaedic screws

Koistinen

Korhonen

Kiviranta

et al. 2011

Proc Inst Mech Eng H

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“…The elastic modulus of bone can be approximated using its mineral density (Fig. 8) (Krischak et al, 1999;Lang et al, 1988;Lotz, Gerhart & Hayes, 1990;Wachter et al, 2001;Wachter et al, 2002).…”

Section: Bone Morphometry 3d Rendering and Solid Modelling For Feamentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthodontic mechanotransduction and the role of the P2X7 receptor

Viecilli

Katona

Chen

et al. 2009

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

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DEDICATIONTo my parents, who have supported my education. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTSOne of the most important things I have learned during my PhD is the necessity of the existence of a working network of people that can help you achieve your goals. The more effectively this network functions, the higher the chance you will achieve the goals quickly.I would first like to thank my parents, who have unconditionally supported my decision to abandon a profitable private practice in Orthodontics, and return to humble student conditions while aiming for a full time academic career.I also thank my girlfriend Laura Kruter who has (almost always) been ok with my, some might say, not very sane ideas. Sometimes they do turn out fine, though (like this "PhD" one).I can hardly think of anyone else that could have complemented my work and ideas during this Program as well as Dr. Thomas Katona. While I was passionately conditioned to an idea, he was always rational and careful. While I was sometimes furious with a shortcoming, he was always temperate and humorous. When I ran into his office with some news about a project, he would always listen and almost never seem too busy to see me. While I was working and something went wrong, he would listen and wonder with me about the "whys" and "hows", instead of telling me what to do or express disappointment. He was even subject to some of my home culinary experiments. I was extremely fortunate to find someone that thought about science the same way I did, and that actually helped me with my project instead of just telling me what to do. I felt like we worked as a team, and that helped to increase my motivation during my studies. The third part of this project tested the role of the P2X7 receptor in the dentoalveolar morphology of C57B/6 mice. P2X7R KO (knockout) mice were compared to C57B/6 WT to identify differences in a maxillary molar and bone. Tooth dimensions viii were measured and 3D bone morphometry was conducted. No statistically significant differences were found between the two mouse types. P2X7R does not have a major effect on alveolar bone or tooth morphology.The final part examines the role of the P2X7 receptor in a controlled biomechanical model. Orthodontic mechanotransduction was compared in wild-type (WT) and P2X7R knock-out (KO) mice. Using Finite Element Analysis, mouse mechanics were scaled to produce typical human stress levels. Relationships between the biological responses and the calculated stresses were statistically tested and compared.There were direct relationships between certain stress magnitudes and root resorption and bone formation. Hyalinization and root and bone resorption were different in WT and KO. Orthodontic responses are related to the principal stress patterns in the PDL and the P2X7 receptor plays a significant role in their mechanotransduction.

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“…It is well known that factors such as disease and aging could reduce bone mineral density [1]. Wachter [2] further pointed out that the BMD has a positive correlation with a yield stress and an overall osteonal area. Therefore, bone specimens from senior and diseased groups behave more fragile than those from a health group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of micromorphology of cortical bone tissue on crack propagation under dynamic loading

Wang

Gao

Abdel-Wahab

et al. 2015

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Structural integrity of bone tissue plays an important role in daily activities of humans. However, traumatic incidents such as sports injuries, collisions and falls can cause bone fracture, servere pain and mobility loss. In addition, ageing and degenerative bone diseases such as osteoporosis can increase the risk of fracture [1]. As a composite-like material, a cortical bone tissue is capable of tolerating moderate fracture/cracks without complete failure. The key to this is its heterogeneously distributed microstructural constituents providing both intrinsic and extrinsic toughening mechanisms. At micro-scale level, cortical bone can be considered as a four-phase composite material consisting of osteons, Haversian canals, cement lines and interstitial matrix. These microstructural constituents can directly affect local distributions of stresses and strains, and, hence, crack initiation and propagation. Therefore, understanding the effect of micromorphology of cortical bone on crack initiation and propagation, especially under dynamic loading regimes is of great importance for fracture risk evaluation. In this study, random microstructures of a cortical bone tissue were modelled with finite elements for four groups: healthy (control), young age, osteoporosis and bisphosphonate-treated, based on osteonal morphometric parameters measured from microscopic images for these groups. The developed models were loaded under the same dynamic loading conditions, representing a direct impact incident, resulting in progressive crack propagation. An extended finite-element method (X-FEM) was implemented to realize solution-dependent crack propagation within the microstructured cortical bone tissues. The obtained simulation results demonstrate significant differences due to micromorphology of cortical bone, in terms of crack propagation characteristics for different groups, with the young group showing highest fracture resistance and the senior group the lowest.

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Correlation of bone mineral density with strength and microstructural parameters of cortical bone in vitro

Cited by 177 publications

References 28 publications

Analysis of plastic deformation in cortical bone after insertion of coated and non-coated self-tapping orthopaedic screws

Analysis of plastic deformation in cortical bone after insertion of coated and non-coated self-tapping orthopaedic screws

Orthodontic mechanotransduction and the role of the P2X7 receptor

Effect of micromorphology of cortical bone tissue on crack propagation under dynamic loading

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