Correlation Hematological Malignancies in the Hadhramout Sector Pattern and Distribution

Abstract

Objective: To study the pattern and distribution of hematological cancers in Hadhramout sector-Yemen and compare with the findings elsewhere in the country and worldwide. Methods: Descriptive study of patients with Hematological malignancies between January 2011 and December 2015 recorded in National Oncology center- Hadhramout. Cases were sub-grouped according to their lineage into lymphoid types which include Non-Hodgkin’s and Hodgkin’s lymphomas, acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myelomas, and Myeloid types which include acute myeloblastic leukemia and chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. Patients were classified into four age groups: <18, 18-40, 41-60 and >60 years. Results: 661 cases of Hematological malignancies were registered (22.6% of all cancers registered). 58.7 % males and 41.3% females, (male to female ratio of 1.4:1). Slight female predominance was found in cases of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms. Hematological malignancies occur at a young age, with an overall median age at diagnosis of 39 years. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma was the most common subtype (37.8%), followed by Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The majority of cases were observed among the 18-40 age groups (28%). In children and adolescents <18 years old, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloblastic leukemia were more predominant (24%, 11.4%). Multiple myeloma commonly occurred in the 41-61 age groups (57.6%). Chronic lymphocytic leukemia mostly occurred among old patients over 60 years (66.7%). Most cases were from the Hadhramout governorate (n= 507, 76.7%) and Mukalla was the most affected city. Conclusion: The distribution of Hematological malignancies in Hadhramout is more common in adults while decreased in the elder population.