Correlation for gas–liquid equilibrium prediction in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

Wang, Y.-N.; Li, Y.-W.; Bai, Lei; Zhao, Yanxing; Zhang, B.-J.

doi:10.1016/s0016-2361(99)00020-4

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…All these facts have lately increased a renewed interest in Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis. FT synthesis can be defined as the means of indirect liquefaction, in which synthesis gas (a mixture of predominantly CO and H 2 ) obtained from either coal, peat, biomass or natural gas is catalytically converted to a multicomponent mixture of gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons [2]. The increased interest in FT synthesis is due to its ability to produce ultra-clean diesel oil fraction with a high cetane number (typically above 70) without any aromatic, sulphur and nitrogen compounds; with a very low particulate formation; and CO emissions [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive study of kinetics mechanism of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over cobalt-based catalyst

Wyszyński

Rahbar

Tsolakis

et al. 2017

Chemical Engineering Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive study of kinetics mechanism of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over cobalt-based catalyst

Wyszyński

Rahbar

Tsolakis

et al. 2017

Chemical Engineering Science

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“…In 2000, two iron catalysts were tested in laboratory-scale reactors with detailed kinetics investigation. Later, modeling of reactors and processes was conducted accompanying process analyses [9,11,12,16], forming the basis of current scaling-up efforts.…”

Section: Brief History: Fts In Chinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Coal to Liquid (CTL): Commercialization Prospects in China

Dong

Yang

et al. 2007

Chem Eng & Technol

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Production of fuels/chemicals from syngas (CO + H 2 ) is receiving increased attention with the background of the resource depletion and the unstable prices of petroleum oil. The fuels, especially diesel, obtained from the syngas conversion via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS), are proved to be of very high quality that will contribute much to environmental protection and raising the energy efficiency in the transportation sector when modern diesel engines are massively applied in vehicles. FTS technologies developed in recent years have reached the stage for the feasibility of construction of large-scale complexes. Under a long-term consideration of developing the field of coal to liquids (CTL), major issues in successfully applying CTL technologies are those controlling the feasibility of all kinds of projects. Points identified are, in general: (1) efficiency advantage over conventional processes (e.g. thermal power generation process); (2) cost and economic benefit; (3) environment advantage. These questions have been better answered using CTL-based poly-generation schemes. Among all the different schemes, in principle, the co-production of liquid fuels and electricity are naturally the main frame. The simple efficiency increase due to the better energy balance in the co-production mode and the environment protection advantage due to the easy-to-apply technology in the pollutant removal and treatment from syngas in a liquid fuel process has projected a bright future even for applying the more capital intensive IGCC + F-T scheme, which can raise the efficiency (to end products) from 43-46 % in either single schemes to about 52-60 %. This new process will guarantee a better solution to environment protection.

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“…FT synthesis' products are excellent high-performance, clean diesel fuels; due to the absence of sulphur, their aromatic compounds and their high cetane number. FT synthesis can be defined as the means of indirect coal liquefaction, in which synthesis gas containing CO and H 2 are catalytically converted to a mixture of linear gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons [5]. A wide product spectrum of hydrocarbons is formed by the successive addition of C 1 units (-CH 2 -that represents a methylene group) to growing chains on the surface of the catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic performance of cobalt–silica catalyst for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis: Effects of reaction rates on efficiency of liquid synthesis

Moazami

Mahmoudi

Rahbar

et al. 2015

Chemical Engineering Science

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A one-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous mathematical model of a fixed bed reactor for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis was developed for the flow of simulated N 2 -rich syngas over an in-house cobalt-silica catalyst. This study aims at improving the efficiency of FT synthesis by maximizing the liquid productivities and selectivity, as well as maximizing the syngas conversion and minimizing the methane formation. The developed model predicts the fraction of the reactants and products along the reactor bed length. The rate of syngas conversion and the rate of CO 2 , H 2 O, CH 4 , C 2 H 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 8 , n-C 4 H 10 , i-C 4 H 10 and C 6.05 H 12.36 (C 5+ ) formation were calculated by developing advanced codes in MATLAB. The reaction equations were proposed as a number of lumped chemical reactions (8 reactions, including water gas shift reaction) by means of the molar coefficients of reaction molecules (11 reactive species). The kinetic parameters were estimated by global optimization in MATLAB using the global search method. Optimum values were achieved during the search process. The results predicted by the model were in very good agreement with those measured experimentally at different operating conditions, with respect to conversion and the FT products' selectivity. The rates of production and consumption were derived from a modified power-law rate expression. This study shows that the adapted rate model can deliver a better prediction of final conversion and selectivity. The accuracy of the fitted model relative to the experimental data was determined by a quantitative analysis method using the mean absolute relative residual percentage (MARR %) for the total of 35 data points. It was found that the model based on the modified equation provided a better fit to the experimental data with a MARR of 6.57%, compared to the classic equation with a MARR of 12.24%.The model predicts the influence of reaction rates on the performance of the fixed bed FT reactor using an unpromoted Co/SiO 2 catalyst at 503 K, 15 bar and 6 L g cat -1 h -1 . As a result, the conversions of 91.57 and 97.26% were achieved for CO and H 2 , respectively with the FT C 5+ synthesis reaction rate of 7.81×10 -5 mol g cat -1 s -1 . The higher rate of C 5+ formation was found by increasing FT reaction rates compared to the rate of lighter the hydrocarbons' formation. At the same condition, only 5.04 and 8.91% methane and C 2 -C 4 selectivity respectively, were predicted; while the highest value of 86.05% liquid (C 5+ ) selectivity was obtained in this case. It was concluded that the higher rate of conversion of H 2 inside the pores filled with liquid products, compared to that of CO, caused an increase in the H 2 /CO ratio in the catalyst pores; and thus, a shift towards the formation of lighter hydrocarbons.

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Correlation for gas–liquid equilibrium prediction in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

A comprehensive study of kinetics mechanism of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over cobalt-based catalyst

A comprehensive study of kinetics mechanism of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over cobalt-based catalyst

Coal to Liquid (CTL): Commercialization Prospects in China

Catalytic performance of cobalt–silica catalyst for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis: Effects of reaction rates on efficiency of liquid synthesis

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