Correlation between Uncontrolled Blood Glucose and Oxidative Stress with Urinary Nephrin Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the world's health problem with increasing prevalence and important medical and social impacts. Diabetes mellitus causes micro and macrovascular complications depending on the presence of blood glucose level disorder. Impaired glucose levels have two components, chronic hyperglycemia and acute fluctuations of blood glucose levels from peak to nadir. These two components cause DM with two main mechanisms, protein glycation, and oxidative stress. Glycated albumin describes uncontrolled medium range glucose level while malondialdehyde reflects oxidative stress. Nephrin is one of the damage markers of podocyte that represents diabetic kidney disease. To find out the correlation between uncontrolled blood glucose with urinary nephrin level in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This is an observational study with the cross-sectional method. Subjects are 30 types 2 DM patients. Patients serum glycated albumin (GA) are measured, along with serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and urinary nephrin. Among 30 types 2 DM patients, there is a significant increase in GA and MDA level. Mean serum GA level is 20,87% (5,91) %, serum MDA level is 9,24 (5,59-13,59) and urinary nephrin is 369,25 (6-3952) ng/ml. There is a moderate correlation between serum GA with urinary nephrin (p=0,027) and moderate correlation between serum MDA and urinary nephrin (p=0,003). There is a correlation between uncontrolled blood glucose with urinary nephrin level in type 2 diabetes mellitus.