Correlation between theoretical descriptor and catalytic oxygen reduction activity of graphene supported palladium and palladium alloy electrocatalysts

Recent progress in oxygen reduction electrocatalysis on Pd-based catalysts

“…Pd nanoparticles deposited onto graphene sheets have shown higher ORR activity in alkaline media at high metal loadings than similar Pt catalyst ( Figure 4) [52]. Graphene supported PdNPs had higher electrocatalytic activity than Pd alloys in alkaline solution, but in sulphuric acid alloys with Co and Fe were more active than Pd/rGO [53].…”

“…Graphene has gained much attention in recent years and, due to its unique electronic properties and large surface area [51], it has also been utilised as a support material for metalbased catalysts [52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59]. Graphene sheets as support material facilitate the dispersion of PdNPs and the resulting materials show enhanced ionic diffusion and charge transfer [54,55].…”

Bifunctionally active and durable hierarchically porous transition metal-based hybrid electrocatalyst for rechargeable metal-air batteries

“…3d) were de-convoluted to investigate the relationship between the electronic structures and surface elemental composition of the catalysts and their effects on electrocatalytic performances. In the d-band center theory, the electronic structure of the surface metal and its catalytic activity is correlated, and the core-level binding energy shift of a metal is an indicator for changes in the center of the occupied d-states [54,55]. The binding energy (BE) of the major spin-orbit split doublet (Pd 3d5/2 and Pd 3d3/2) for Pd@3DOM-Co3O4 (Fig.…”

Chemical Design of Palladium‐Based Nanoarchitectures for Catalytic Applications

“…The tolerance of Pd to poisoning species in direct alcohol fuel cells can be enhanced by combining or alloying it with other transition metals (e.g., Ni, Co, Fe, Cu, Cr, Mo, and W). Such enhancement is believed to have arisen from two possible mechanisms: 1) the neighboring sites of Pd atoms from the second element provide oxygenated species that induce surface reactions with Pd‐adsorbed poisoning species and 2) the alloy structure shifts the energy of Pd electronic states, thus weakening Pd‐poisoning species interaction . In the case of electrooxidation of ethanol, incomplete oxidation of ethanol sometimes occurs due to the decreased capability of Pd to break the CC bond when the ethanol oxidation goes through the C 2 pathway .…”