Correlation between the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Multiple Sclerosis: Recent Understanding and Potential Application Perspectives

Zhou, Qingqing; Jia, Rui; Dang, Jingxia

doi:10.1155/2022/3265029

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(123 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, multiple studies have found that the lymphocytes in people with MS are not significantly higher than in healthy people, and may even be lower ( Lim et al, 2016 ; Akaishi et al, 2021 ). The possible explanation for this is that during the onset of MS, peripheral lymphocytes migrate to the CNS through the injured BBB, but the hematopoietic system cannot compensate for the loss of peripheral lymphocytes ( Zhou et al, 2022 ). As a result, peripheral lymphocytes tend to be normal or even decreased, while lymphocytes in the CNS tend to increase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive role of blood-based indicators in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionThis study aimed to assess the predictive role of blood markers in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD).MethodsData from patients with NMOSD, multiple sclerosis (MS), and healthy individuals were retrospectively collected in a 1:1:1 ratio. The expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score was used to assess the severity of the NMOSD upon admission. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to distinguish NMOSD patients from healthy individuals, and active NMOSD from remitting NMOSD patients. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate risk factors that could be used to predict disease recurrence. Finally, Wilcoxon signed-rank test or matched-sample t-test was used to analyze the differences between the indicators in the remission and active phases in the same NMOSD patient.ResultsAmong the 54 NMOSD patients, neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) (platelet × NLR) were significantly higher than those of MS patients and healthy individuals and positively correlated with the EDSS score of NMOSD patients at admission. PLR can be used to simultaneously distinguish between NMOSD patients in the active and remission phase. Eleven (20.4%) of the 54 patients had recurrence within 12 months. We found that monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) (AUC = 0.76, cut-off value = 0.34) could effectively predict NMOSD recurrence. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that a higher MLR at first admission was the only risk factor for recurrence (p = 0.027; OR = 1.173; 95% CI = 1.018–1.351). In patients in the relapsing phase, no significant changes in monocyte and lymphocyte count was observed from the first admission, whereas patients in remission had significantly higher levels than when they were first admitted.ConclusionHigh PLR is a characteristic marker of active NMOSD, while high MLR is a risk factor for disease recurrence. These inexpensive indicators should be widely used in the diagnosis, prognosis, and judgment of treatment efficacy in NMOSD.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive role of blood-based indicators in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The role of variations in the NLR has been explored in various non-infectious diseases like psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, and breast cancer [9][10][11][12]. Similarly, the NLR ratio has been evaluated for its usefulness in managing infectious conditions like COVID-19, pneumonia, pertussis, diabetic foot ulcers/wounds, and urinary tract infections, especially among diabetic persons [13,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Potential Biomarker to Managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Predicting Disease Progression

Mohammed,

Khaleel,

R. M.

et al. 2024

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionDiabetes is a chronic disease that causes dysregulation of blood glucose. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could result in long-term inflammatory conditions that affect different organs of the body. Despite the availability of diagnostic markers like glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for T2DM, it is essential to find an appropriate marker that could predict long-term complications. This study evaluates the potential role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting disease progression and treatment responses. MethodsThis case-control study was carried out among 160 T2DM patients and 132 non-diabetic persons. Blood samples were collected from each participant and were processed for hemoglobin, HbA1c, iron, ferritin, and complete blood picture (NLR). ResultsThe study showed that there was a significant variation in the serum levels of ferritin (264.8±611.6 ng/ml versus 168.3±364.7 ng/ml, p=0.392), iron (4.095±8.851 mcg/dl versus 55.20±37.62 mcg/dl, p=0.0111), and HbA1c (8.169±1.635% versus 5.668±0.5260% p<0.0001) among T2DM patients compared to non-diabetic persons. The NLR values (4.189±4.154 versus 4.095±8.851, p=0.009) among patients with T2DM significantly varied with that of non-diabetic persons. A significant negative correlation was noticed between the serum levels of iron and NLR (r=-0.17, p=0.014) and a positive correlation was noticed between HbA1c and NLR (r=0.19, p=0.014). The serum levels of iron revealed a significant positive correlation with the serum levels of ferritin (r=0.24, p=0.002) and hemoglobin percentage (r=0.41, p=0.008). HbA1c revealed a significant positive correlation with NLR (r=0.19, p=0.014). Additionally, a significant negative correlation was observed between iron with NLR (r=-0.17, p=0.029) and hemoglobin percentage with NLR (r=-0.30, p=0.005). However, no such correlation was demonstrated among non-diabetic persons. With an accuracy of 89.85% and high sensitivity and specificity, NLR showed diagnostic accuracy like HbA1c. ConclusionsNLR demonstrated equivalent efficacy to HbA1c in predicting glycemic control. Since diabetes affects different organs of the body, evaluating NLR probably predicts inflammation. Therefore, NLR could be useful in the management of T2DM and in predicting long-term complications.

show abstract

“…The use of preclinical animal disease models, as well as human sample analyses, revealed that neutrophils have a wide range of effector functions that contribute to MS pathogenesis, including secretion of inflammatory mediators and enzymes such as IL-1 [ 105 ], elimination and phagocytosis of myelin (as debris), discharge of neutrophil extracellular baits, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 106 , 107 ], breakdown of the BBB, and production and introduction of autoantigens [ 108 ]. Numerous cytokines and chemokines promote the migration and proliferation of neutrophils and lymphocytes to the CNS in MS [ 109 ]. When PwMS relapse, neutrophils have been found in their cerebral fluid at the early stages of the disease, which suggests a connection between neutrophils and IL-17A levels [ 110 ].…”

Section: Neutrophilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Plasticity of Immune Cell Response Complicates Dissecting the Underlying Pathology of Multiple Sclerosis

Sarkar,

Willson,

Jordan

2024

Journal of Immunology Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of the myelin sheath of the neuronal axon in the central nervous system. Many risk factors, including environmental, epigenetic, genetic, and lifestyle factors, are responsible for the development of MS. It has long been thought that only adaptive immune cells, especially autoreactive T cells, are responsible for the pathophysiology; however, recent evidence has indicated that innate immune cells are also highly involved in disease initiation and progression. Here, we compile the available data regarding the role immune cells play in MS, drawn from both human and animal research. While T and B lymphocytes, chiefly enhance MS pathology, regulatory T cells (Tregs) may serve a more protective role, as can B cells, depending on context and location. Cells chiefly involved in innate immunity, including macrophages, microglia, astrocytes, dendritic cells, natural killer (NK) cells, eosinophils, and mast cells, play varied roles. In addition, there is evidence regarding the involvement of innate-like immune cells, such as γδ T cells, NKT cells, MAIT cells, and innate-like B cells as crucial contributors to MS pathophysiology. It is unclear which of these cell subsets are involved in the onset or progression of disease or in protective mechanisms due to their plastic nature, which can change their properties and functions depending on microenvironmental exposure and the response of neural networks in damage control. This highlights the need for a multipronged approach, combining stringently designed clinical data with carefully controlled in vitro and in vivo research findings, to identify the underlying mechanisms so that more effective therapeutics can be developed.

show abstract

Correlation between the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Multiple Sclerosis: Recent Understanding and Potential Application Perspectives

Cited by 6 publications

References 92 publications

Predictive role of blood-based indicators in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

Predictive role of blood-based indicators in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Potential Biomarker to Managing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Predicting Disease Progression

The Plasticity of Immune Cell Response Complicates Dissecting the Underlying Pathology of Multiple Sclerosis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About