Correlation between Surface Engineering and Deformation Response of Some Natural Polymer Fibrous Systems

Abstract

Surfaces of bamboo derived cellulosic fibrous systems have been modified by air-plasma treatment. Their deformational response was studied to establish the relationship between their three-dimensional profile and permanent deformation as a measure of their comfort properties since the fibrous system made of natural polymer comes into contact with the skin. The composite should have a permanent deformation close to zero, in order to be, in terms of dimensions, as stable as possible. By analyzing the area of 1 cm 2 using a Universal Surface Tester (UST), different 3D surface diagrams and surface roughness values were obtained. This type of surface investigation provides relevant information about the permanent deformation response of the studied surface, for comfort purposes. The deformation responses and roughness levels were studied (the roughness being the parameter quantifying the 3D geometry of the systems surface). The effect of airplasma surface modification on the deformation response of bamboo derived cellulosic fibrous systems and optimization of their 3D surface structure to enhance comfort-related properties proved to be substantial. The surface modifications induced by air-plasma treatment are in a good correlation with the mechanical behavior. As expected, the roughness levels of samples studied using ball sensors are higher than those of specimens scanned using a papillary sensor. Knitted polymer fibrous matrix T1 shows a roughness level of 773 μm resulting from analyses using the ball sensor, while using the papillary sensor it was 102 μm, 86.8% less than before. The analysis of the dimensional stability of knitted polymer fibrous systems was performed by scanning with the papillary sensor, since it provides information comparable with human perception concerning the architecture of the sample surfaces.

Study of the mechanical, chemical, and surface behaviors of non-woven abrasive made from waste chemically modified tow fibers

“…This finding is endorsed by the removal of organic and inorganic surface contaminants by surface treatments. 45 The cationization of 6% displayed the lowest values of deformations (samples [13][14][15].…”

“…Then, the sensor was shifted automatically by 1 mm to the right and the same procedure was repeated five times. We obtain the roughness values (R z ) and the average is calculated by equation (1) 45 Where:…”

Analysis of silica and silicon carbide abrasives characteristics on denim wear

“…Furthermore, the coating process ensures the spreading of the surface following the coating doctor blade affecting the settling of particles on the surface. [ 6,42 ]…”

“…Furthermore, the coating process ensures the spreading of the surface following the coating doctor blade affecting the settling of particles on the surface. [6,42] Moreover, by comparing the roughness values of two types of abrasives, it is observed that due to the large size of silica grains and their assembly at the same places as shown in Figure 6C, the roughness values are higher. It is found that the wear rates decrease with the decrease in grain size, which results in smoother surfaces.…”

“…The average value for the roughness Rz (Equation ) corresponding to each sample was calculated with the mathematical relationship [ 42 ] : …”