Correlation between substitution pattern and reaction pathway in the formation of polychlorodibenzofurans

Ballschmiter, Karlheinz; Zoller, W; Buchert, H; Class, Th.

doi:10.1007/bf00464594

Cited by 41 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Many published studies have shown good correlations among CBz, CPh, PCBs, and PCDD/Fs, even though the types of furnaces, wastes burnt, combustion temperatures, and residence times are different. 4,15,16,25,29 In this study, there is a high correlation (R 2 ϭ 0.97) between total PCB concentrations and total PCDD/F concentration across the whole temperature range studied (see Figure 6). A plausible hypothesis suggested in published studies, using a similar mechanism as found in both PCDD/F and PCB formation in the combustion process or in PCDD/Fs formed from PCBs by oxidation and chlorination, supports this study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Emission Characteristics of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, Chlorobenzenes, Chlorophenols, and PAHs from Polyvinylchloride Combustion at Various Temperatures

Kim

Hong

et al. 2004

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effect of temperature on polyvinylchloride (PVC) combustion using a downstream tubular furnace was investigated for the formation of polycylcic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and chlorinated compounds. As the temperature increased, higher levels of PAHs were generated. Chlorinated compounds reached a peak at 600°C, with low emissions recorded at 300 and 900°C. There was a close correlation (R 2 ϭ 0.97) among polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene, pentachlorobenzene, and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs). PAHs at all temperatures were analyzed in the gas phase. PCDD/Fs and PCBs were emitted as a solid phase at 300 and 600°C and as a gas phase at 900°C. For some PAHs, chlorobenzenes, and PCDD/Fs, a mathematical equation between the gas and solid phase and the reciprocal temperature in semilog proportion was derived. The proposed equation, which is log (amount in gas phase/amount in solid phase) ϭ ϪA/T ϩ B, where T is the temperature of the furnace and A and B are constants, for these species relating their gas/solid distributions showed a good relationship.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Emission Characteristics of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, Chlorobenzenes, Chlorophenols, and PAHs from Polyvinylchloride Combustion at Various Temperatures

Kim

Hong

et al. 2004

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The formation pathways of PCDD/F were examined in terms of classical chemistry by Ballschmiter et al [40]. They identified four principal pathways with the distribution of products dictated by steric requirements and the available precursors:…”

Section: Homogeneous (Gas-phase) Reactions (500-800 • C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The formation of dioxins in combustion systems

Stanmore

2004

Combustion and Flame

430

215

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…23 • Dioxins generated as a result of generation of aromatic rings and rearrangement of substituents with the participation of chlorinated precursors such as PVC, PCBs, chlorinated benzenes, and chlorinated phenols that occur behind the combustion zone when the reaction proceeds in a gaseous phase at 500 -700°C. 24 • Dioxins are generated behind the combustion zone as a result of nonchlorinated reactions of organic compounds (e.g., polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), lignite, brown coal, etc.) and subsequent chlorination.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Dioxin Formation In Thermal Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…48 Dioxin formation precursors can also include PVC and dioxazine, phthalocyanine, and chloroanil dyes. 5,7,49,50 Those precursors may interact with one another at 500 -700°C in a gaseous phase 24 and on the surface of volatile ash at 200 -500°C. 51 Behind the combustion zone at temperatures below 500°C, dioxins are formed as a result of a series of catalytic reactions proceeding on the surface of dust that contains metals.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Dioxin Formation In Thermal Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Reduction of Dioxin Emissions from the Processes of Heat and Power Generation

Wielgosiński

2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The first reports that it is possible to emit dioxins from the heat and power generation sector are from the beginning of the 1980s. Detailed research proved that the emission of dioxins might occur during combustion of hard coal, brown coal, and furnace oil as well as coke-oven gas. The emission of dioxins occurs in wood incineration; wood that is clean and understood as biomass; or, in particular, wood waste (polluted). This paper thoroughly discusses the mechanism of dioxin formation in thermal processes, first and foremost in combustion processes. The parameters influencing the quantity of dioxins formed and the dependence of their quantity on the conditions of combustion are highlighted. Furthermore, the methods of reducing dioxin emissions from combustion processes (primary and secondary) are discussed. The most efficacious methods that may find application in the heat and power generation sector are proposed; this is relevant from the point of view of the implementation of the Stockholm Convention resolutions in Poland with regard to persistent organic pollutants.

show abstract

Correlation between substitution pattern and reaction pathway in the formation of polychlorodibenzofurans

Cited by 41 publications

References 12 publications

Emission Characteristics of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, Chlorobenzenes, Chlorophenols, and PAHs from Polyvinylchloride Combustion at Various Temperatures

Emission Characteristics of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, Chlorobenzenes, Chlorophenols, and PAHs from Polyvinylchloride Combustion at Various Temperatures

The formation of dioxins in combustion systems

The Reduction of Dioxin Emissions from the Processes of Heat and Power Generation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About