Correlation between sialic acid levels in the synovial fluid and the radiographic severity of knee osteoarthritis

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with the presence of inflammation. Sialic acid (SA), an acetylated derivative of neuraminic acid, is reported to be a useful biomarker of inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between SA levels in the serum and synovial fluid (SF) and radiographic severity in patients with knee OA. A total of 234 patients with knee OA were recruited for the study, as well as 20 patients that had suffered a knee injury or fracture (without knee OA) and 160 healthy controls. Radiological grading of OA in the knee was conducted according to the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading system. SA levels in the serum and SF were measured using Warren’s thiobarbituric acid assay. The results demonstrated that knee OA patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of serum SA when compared with the healthy controls, and also significantly elevated levels of SF SA when compared with the knee fracture patients. Higher SA levels in the SF were identified in knee OA patients with KL grade 4 as compared with patients with KL grade 2 or 3. In addition, OA patients of KL grade 3 had significantly higher SA levels in the SF as compared with patients with KL grade 2 (P<0.01). The SA levels in the SF of the knee OA patients positively correlated with the KL grades (r=0.353; P<0.01). However, there was no significant correlation identified between serum SA levels and KL grade. Therefore, SA levels in the SF positively correlated with the radiographic severity of OA, thus, SA levels in the SF may serve as a biomarker for the progression of OA.

Synovial Fluid Biomarkers in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Quantitative Evaluation Using BIPEDs Criteria

“…Afterwards, further 32 articles were excluded, either because they were reviews, studies not written in English, studies that described biomarkers not obtained from SF samples, or studies that included other diseases without reporting about OA. Thus, 159 articles 12,15…”

Effects of mechanical stimulation on metabolomic profiles of SW1353 chondrocytes: shear and compression

“…SA is an acylated derivative of neuraminic acid attached to glycoproteins and glycolipids. Serum SA levels are a known marker of inflammation and has been reported as a useful biomarker of inflammation in patients with OA and RA ( Cui et al, 2014 ). Additionally, studies find that differing levels of SA are linked to OA severity and could be used as a diagnostic tool in the future ( Alturfan et al, 2007 ; Browning et al, 2004 ; Chavan et al, 2005 ; Cui et al, 2014 ; Gobezie et al, 2007 ; Kosakai, 1991 ).…”

“…Serum SA levels are a known marker of inflammation and has been reported as a useful biomarker of inflammation in patients with OA and RA ( Cui et al, 2014 ). Additionally, studies find that differing levels of SA are linked to OA severity and could be used as a diagnostic tool in the future ( Alturfan et al, 2007 ; Browning et al, 2004 ; Chavan et al, 2005 ; Cui et al, 2014 ; Gobezie et al, 2007 ; Kosakai, 1991 ). Our study provides further evidence that SA production could be a potential marker for OA due to its metabolic presence when mechanically stimulated with shear and compressive forces.…”

A comparison of shear- and compression-induced mechanotransduction in SW1353 chondrocytes

“…Serum SA levels are a known marker of inflammation and has been reported as a useful biomarker of inflammation in patients with OA and RA (Cui et al, 2014). Additionally, studies find that differing levels of SA are linked to OA severity and could be used as a diagnostic tool in the future (Alturfan et al, 2007;Browning et al, 2004;Chavan et al, 2005;Cui et al, 2014;Gobezie et al, 2007;Kosakai, 1991). Our study provides further evidence that sialic acid production could be a potential marker for OA due to its metabolic presence when mechanically stimulated with shear and compressive forces.…”