Correlation between plasma ferritin level and gestational diabetes mellitus and its impact on fetal macrosomia

Abstract

Aims/IntroductionTo explore the relationship between plasma iron levels and gestational diabetes mellitus, as well as its impact on macrosomia.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively compared ferritin level and other characteristics between pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnant women without GDM. The correlation between the levels of plasma ferritin, glucose and hemoglobin was explored. Meanwhile, we assessed the risk factors of macrosomia. Furthermore, we explored the relationship between ferritin level and the incidence of macrosomia.ResultsA total of 793 pregnant women were enrolled in the present study, of which 92 pregnant women had GDM and 701 pregnant women were healthy. Meanwhile, 51 pregnant women gave birth to infants with macrosomia and another 742 women had normal infants. Compared with non‐GDM women, pregnant women with GDM were older, with higher pre‐pregnancy body mass index, plasma ferritin, fasting plasma glucose, 1‐h postprandial glucose, 2‐h plasma glucose and hemoglobin. In addition, our results showed a significant positive correlation between the levels of ferritin and fasting plasma glucose when ferritin levels were >70 ng/mL. Our results also showed that pre‐pregnancy overweight or obesity, a high concentration of ferritin, as well as abnormal levels of fasting plasma glucose, 1‐h plasma glucose and 2 h plasma glucose were risk factors for macrosomia. Furthermore, as the level of ferritin increased, so did the incidence of macrosomia.ConclusionsThe current study provides evidence that pregnant women with high levels of ferritin might be prone to GDM. In addition, a high level of ferritin might be an independent risk factor for macrosomia. Therefore, the negative effect of iron supplementation in non‐anemic pregnant women might be noteworthy.

Nutritional Supplementation for the Prevention and/or Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

“…However, confounding variables, including ethnicity, sun exposure and seasonality, can be difficult to control for, and as such the independent relationship between vitamin D status and GDM remains uncertain [40]. High intake of heme iron and increased plasma ferritin have consistently been associated with increased risk of GDM and T2DM [41][42][43][44].…”

Mechanism of Ferroptosis and Its Role in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Thus, it is still unclear whether high ferritin in the blood is a cause or result of diabetes [78]. Nevertheless, serum ferritin level test can still be used in the early diagnosis of T2DM and gestational diabetes [87][88][89][90].…”

Mối Liên Quan Giữa Nồng Độ Sắt Huyết Thanh, Ferritin Với Bệnh Lý Đái Tháo Đường Thai Kỳ

“…Năm 1937, Ruddock thực hiện nội soi chẩn đoán thành công trên 500 bệnh nhân mà không có trường hợp nào tử vong. Từ đó nội soi ổ bụng trở thành một phương tiện chẩn đoán các bệnh khung chậu và trong ổ bụng [7]. Tuy nhiên, nội soi ổ bụng chỉ cho phép quan sát được sơ lược các tạng trong ổ bụng mà không thể đánh giá được chính xác tổn thương, đặc biệt là các vị trí không được bộc lộ, việc lấy bệnh phẩm làm xét nghiệm cũng rất khó khăn, dẫn đến không chẩn đoán chính xác được trong nhiều ca bệnh.…”