Correlation between olfactory bulb volume and olfactory function

Buschhüter, D.; Smitka, Martin; Puschmann, Sebastian; Gerber, Johannes; Witt, Martin; Abolmaali, Nasreddin; Hummel, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.004

Cited by 267 publications

(301 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Evolutionary changes at the cribriform plate and the associated olfactory bulbs 11,42 and other endocranial parts we report here can implicate changes to the olfactory system that appear unique to modern humans. It is clear, however, that cognitive functions are incommensurable even with the most sophisticated measurement of brain impressions in endocranial casts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…At a functional level, variation of olfactory bulbs size is crucially related to olfactory capacity and performance, which has been observed across 38 -41 and within 42 species. Olfactory bulb size differences are also the morphofunctional basis of traditional distinctions between macrosmatic and microsmatic mammals regarding subsistence strategies and other features of animal behaviour 38 -41 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, within humans, the capacity of odour threshold detection and odour identifi cation is correlated positively with olfactory bulb size, which is driven by variation in the number of nerve cells 41,42 . Th e number of cells relates more to olfactory function than overall volume of the olfactory bulbs, which is why Smith (ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Th erefore, the ca. 12 % larger cribriform plates and associated larger olfactory bulbs in modern humans may be suggestive of improved olfactory function 11,42,43 , although caution is warranted because of the small Neanderthal sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of the base of the brain in highly encephalized human species

et al. 2011

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The increase of brain size relative to body size -encephalization -is intimately linked with human evolution. However, two genetically different evolutionary lineages, Neanderthals and modern humans, have produced similarly large-brained human species. Thus, understanding human brain evolution should include research into specifi c cerebral reorganization, possibly refl ected by brain shape changes. Here we exploit developmental integration between the brain and its underlying skeletal base to test hypotheses about brain evolution in Homo. Three-dimensional geometric morphometric analyses of endobasicranial shape reveal previously undocumented details of evolutionary changes in Homo sapiens . Larger olfactory bulbs, relatively wider orbitofrontal cortex, relatively increased and forward projecting temporal lobe poles appear unique to modern humans . Such brain reorganization, beside physical consequences for overall skull shape, might have contributed to the evolution of H. sapiens ' learning and social capacities, in which higher olfactory functions and its cognitive, neurological behavioral implications could have been hitherto underestimated factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of the base of the brain in highly encephalized human species

et al. 2011

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“…Hummel et al demonstrated that the volume of the olfactory bulb has an important significance in the determination of the olfactory disorders, as a decreased volume is encountered in hyposmia or anosmia caused by upper respiratory airways infections, head trauma, neurodegenerative disorders, congenital anosmia and psychiatric disease [14][15][16] . In 2008, Buschhüter and his collaborators 14 established normative values for the normal olfactory bulb volume.…”

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confidence: 99%

Olfactometric assessment - where do we stand today?

Melinte

Sarafoleanu

2016

Romanian Journal of Rhinology

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Having an enormous importance not only in one's quality of life, but also in one's health and personal safety, the olfactory function assessment has begun to gain more and more interest amongst the ENT practitioners. However, at the moment, there is no worldwide accepted evaluation protocol available despite the fact that studies regarding smell disorders and their evaluation have been published all over the world. The purpose of this article is to present the olfactory assessment methods practiced today not only in different clinics from Europe and the USA, but also in Romania, because we have recently started to study the olfactory function disturbances. Three of the most interesting clinical cases, assessed in our ENT Department of the "Sfanta Maria" Clinical Hospital between 2015 and 2016, will be discussed in the current paper.

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Clinical Diagnosis and Current Management Strategies for Olfactory Dysfunction

Whitcroft

Hummel

2019

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

105

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n recent years, the importance and frequency of olfactory dysfunction has become apparent. Now known to affect approximately 20% of the general adult population, 1 impaired olfactory function can have a significant effect on quality of life through disordered eating behaviors, deficits in olfactory-mediated social behavior, and environmental hazard exposure. Although such effects are often more extreme in individuals relying professionally on their sense of smell, the more insidious effect of dysfunction leads to symptoms of depression in as many as 40% of patients. 2 Moreover, the physiological importance of smell is revealed by the association between olfactorydysfunctionanddisease.Olfactorydysfunctionisanearlybiomarker in many neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease, and anosmia is more closely associated with 5-year mortality than myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, diabetes, heart failure, or cancer. 3,4 Therefore, olfactory dysfunction should be diagnosed early, and treatment should be offered where available. The recent Position Paper on Olfactory Dysfunction 5 was published to provide guidance on the diagnosis, monitoring, and evidence-based manage-ment of olfactory impairment. In the following review, we provide an overview of the content of these guidelines. Pathophysiology and Clinical Presentation General Overview of SmellThe perception of smell requires activation of olfactory receptor neurons (collectively, cranial nerve I) found within the neuroepithelium of the olfactory cleft. Depending on the odor, this perception is usually accompanied by activation of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V), which imparts varying amounts of heat, coolness, pungency, and irritation.Perceptionofodorstransmittedthroughthenoseduringbreathing or sniffing is termed orthonasal olfaction, whereas perception of those transmitted through the nasopharynx during eating is retronasal olfaction. Normal olfactory function is termed normosmia.Olfactorydysfunctionisbroadlydividedintoquantitativeandqualitative disorders. Quantitative dysfunction denotes reduced ability to perceive odors, without distortion in their quality. This type of dysfunc-IMPORTANCE Olfactory dysfunction affects approximately 20% of the general adult population. It is associated with reduced quality of life and important health care outcomes such as neurodegeneration and death. The accurate diagnosis of olfactory dysfunction is therefore important to quantify impairment, the effect of intervention, and residual disability. This review summarizes the current evidence on the diagnosis and management of olfactory dysfunction.OBSERVATIONS Olfactory dysfunction can be quantitative and/or qualitative. Despite numerous underlying pathophysiological causes, approximately two-thirds of cases are due to sinonasal disease or postinfectious or posttraumatic dysfunction. All patients should undergo assessment with a thorough clinical history and examination (including nasoendoscopy) followed by subjective olfactory a...

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Correlation between olfactory bulb volume and olfactory function

Cited by 267 publications

References 15 publications

Evolution of the base of the brain in highly encephalized human species

Evolution of the base of the brain in highly encephalized human species

Olfactometric assessment - where do we stand today?

Clinical Diagnosis and Current Management Strategies for Olfactory Dysfunction

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