Correlation between non‐insulin‐based insulin resistance indexes and the risk of prehypertension: A cross‐sectional study

Abstract

The authors aimed to characterize the relationships between non‐insulin‐based insulin resistance (IR) indexes and the risk of prehypertension, and to compare their abilities to identify prehypertension. The authors recruited 3274 adults who did not have hypertension and were not taking hypoglycemic or lipid‐lowering medications. The triglyceride‐to‐high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL‐C), fasting triglyceride and glucose index (TyG), and metabolic score for IR (METS‐IR) were calculated. Bivariate Spearman's correlation analysis and multiple logistic analysis were used. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to compare the ability of the three indexes to identify prehypertension. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) positively correlated with TG/HDL‐C (r = .272, P < .001), TyG (r = .286, P < .001), and METS‐IR (r = .340, P < .001) in the entire cohort. Multiple logistic analysis showed that the proportion of prehypertension in the third and fourth quartiles of the TG/HDL‐C (Q3 vs. Q1: odds ratio (OR) = 1.527, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.243–1.988; Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 1.580, 95% CI: 1.231–2.028), TyG (Q3 vs. Q1: OR = 1.519, 95% CI: 1.201–1.923; Q4 vs. Q1: OR = 1.658, 95% CI: 1.312–2.614), and METS‐IR (Q3 vs. Q1: OR = 1.542, 95% CI: 1.138–2.090; Q4 vs. Q1:OR = 2.216, 95% CI: 1.474–3.331) were significantly higher than in the lowest quartiles. The areas under the curves and 95% CIs for the identification of prehypertension were .647 (.628–.667) for TG/HDL‐C, .650 (.631–.669) for TyG, and .683 (.664–.702) for METS‐IR, respectively. Thus, non‐insulin‐based IR indexes (TG/HDL‐C, TyG, and METS‐IR) are significantly associated with the risk of prehypertension. Furthermore, METS‐IR is better able to identify prehypertension than TG/HDL‐C and TyG. These non‐insulin‐based IR indexes might assist with the prevention of hypertension in primary care and areas with limited medical resources.

High triglyceride glucose-body mass index correlates with prehypertension and hypertension in east Asian populations: A population-based retrospective study

“…Therefore, a number of simple, inexpensive and reproducible alternative parameters have emerged, which have been shown to replace HEC for IR. These parameters include the ratios of triglycerides and specific components of cholesterol, TyG and TyG-related parameters, metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP), whose association with IR has been explored ( 16 , 30 , 31 ) and compared in the prediction of some specific diseases ( 32 – 36 ).…”

Association of Non-Insulin-Based Insulin Resistance Indices with Risk of Incident Prediabetes and Diabetes in a Chinese Rural Population: A 12-Year Prospective Study

“…In addition, some studies have found that METS-IR has a better predictive value for ischemic heart disease 35 and prehypertension or hypertension among normoglycemic participants. 36,37 This could help to analyze the association between METS-IR and other metabolic diseases.…”

Predictive values of metabolic score for insulin resistance on risk of major adverse cardiovascular events and comparison with other insulin resistance indices among Chinese with and without diabetes mellitus: Results from the 4C cohort study

“…The index shows a strong correlation with the IR measured by the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique and is associated with fasting insulin, and accumulation of intrahepatic, intravisceral, and subcutaneous fat, which is a key mechanism in the development of IR 9 . The positive correlation between the METS-IR index and metabolism-related or inflammationrelated diseases, including diabetes 9 , metabolic syndrome 10 , hypertension 11,12 , and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease 13 has been found by previous research, each of which are recognized as significant risk factors for developing CVD. Several studies have shown the association of HOMA-IR or TyG-related indices with arterial stiffness 14,15 and CVD 16,17 .…”

“…They found that the use of the METS‐IR index was effective in predicting hypertension and arterial stiffness 33 . Recently, several studies have also shown similar findings 11,12,34–36 and therefore suggested a correlation between the METS‐IR index and CVD, as arterial stiffness and hypertension are the pathological basis and independent risk factors for CVD 37 , respectively. In our study, compared with the lowest quartile of METS‐IR, participants in the other groups had higher levels of FPG, 2 h PG, HbA1c, BMI, TG, TC, and LDL, and lower levels of HDL and eGFR.…”