Correlation between lead exposure and cognitive function in 12-year-old children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Heidari, Serve; Mostafaei, Shayan; Razazian, Nazanin; Rajati, Fatemeh; Saeedi, Anahita

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-14712-w

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Lead is a known neurotoxin that accumulates and persists longer in the brain tissue than in other body parts. The half-life of lead in the plasma is approximately 35 days, but it lasts ~2 years in the brain tissues (Heidari et al, 2021 ). Lead interferes with several neurochemical pathways, such as the plasma-brain barrier capillary integrity, synaptogenesis, the formation of myelin, and catecholamine metabolism in the central nervous system (Solon et al, 2008 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent serum lead levels and cognitive function in older adults

et al. 2023

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IntroductionIn this study, we investigated the relationship between serum lead levels and cognitive functioning in a sample of older adults in the US.MethodUsing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2013, a total of 768 older adults aged ≥60 years were included in the analysis. Lead concentrations in the whole blood samples were assessed using mass spectrometry. We used the immediate and delayed memory portions of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Word Learning Subtest (CERAD-WL), the Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) to assess the participants' cognitive performance. Using sample averages and standard deviations (SDs), we computed test-specific and global cognition z-scores. To assess the relationships between the quartiles of serum lead levels and cognitive performance, we built multiple linear regression models and adjusted for covariates, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, depressive symptoms, alcohol usage, and body mass index.ResultsThe average age of the participants was 69.6 (SD 6.6) years. Approximately half of the participants were women (52.6%), non-Hispanic white (52.0%), and had completed at least some college education (51.8%). The average serum lead concentration was 1.8 g/dL (SD 1.6) for these participants. The results of multiple linear regression using individuals in the lowest serum lead quantile as a reference group revealed that the serum lead level was not associated with test-specific (CERAD-WL, AFT, and DSST) or global cognitive z-scores.ConclusionsIn older adults, concurrent serum lead concentration is not related to cognitive performance. Early or continuous lead exposure may exert a greater effect on the etiology of accelerated cognitive decline with old age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent serum lead levels and cognitive function in older adults

et al. 2023

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“…In our previous study, 16 studies with cohort design are included and analyzed according to “duration of exposure” and “dose” using k-means partitioning clustering algorithm. The effect size in that study was r coefficient between the cluster factors of both duration and dose exposure and variation of IQ test score ( r = −0.22, P -value < 0.001) [ 31 ]. In the current study, we included the case-control studies with effect size of mean difference of IQ test scores between two groups in the meta-analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of lead exposure on IQ test scores in children under 12 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies

et al. 2022

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An inevitable exposure to the toxic heavy metal such as lead in our environmental can have irreversible effects on children’s mental performance.In this study, 3316 children in 8 case-control studies were selected for review. The case group was exposed to a concentration of lead above 10 μg/dL, and the control group was exposed to a concentration of less than 10 μg/dL, but the duration of exposure was different among studies, and the subgroup analysis was performed based on this variable.In the subgroup with duration of exposure less than the average of 4.5 years, the difference of IQ test score between two groups was significant (MD = −3.53) (P-value <0.05). Also, in the subgroup with more than 4.5 years of duration, the difference of IQ test score was significant (MD = −22.63) (P-value < 0.001).This study demonstrates that the concentration and duration of lead exposure have a large effect on mental function in children.

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“…Higher levels of heavy metal exposure including lead have been linked to coronary heart disease (CHD), high blood pressure, heart failure, cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Beyond its cardiovascular effects, lead exposure has a wide-ranging impact on multiple bodily systems, including the neurological, hepatic, and renal systems [ 7 , 8 ]. Although blood lead levels (BLLs) have been decreasing in the past decade, almost half of the US population is at risk of adverse health outcomes caused by high lead levels in their early childhood [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Blood Lead Levels and Silent Myocardial Infarction in the General Population

Mostafa,

Abueissa,

Soliman

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Although the link between lead exposure and patterns of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported, its association with silent myocardial infarction (SMI) remains unexplored. We aimed to assess the association between blood lead levels (BLLs) and SMI risk. Methods: We included 7283 (mean age 56.1 ± 2.52 years, 52.5% women) participants free of CVD from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. BLL was measured using graphite-furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. SMI was defined as ECG evidence of myocardial infarction (MI) without history of MI. The association between SMI and BLLs was examined using multivariable logistic regression. Results: SMI was detected in 120 participants with an unweighted prevalence of 1.65%. Higher BLL correlated with higher SMI prevalence across BLL tertiles. In multivariable-adjusted models, participants in the third BLL tertile had more than double the odds of SMI (OR: 3.42, 95%CI: 1.76–6.63) compared to the first tertile. Each 1 µg/dL increase in BLL was linked to a 9% increase in SMI risk. This association was consistent across age, sex, and race subgroups. Conclusions: Higher BLLs are associated with higher odds of SMI in the general population. These results underscore the significance of the ongoing efforts to mitigate lead exposure and implement screening strategies for SMI in high-risk populations.

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Correlation between lead exposure and cognitive function in 12-year-old children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 45 publications

Concurrent serum lead levels and cognitive function in older adults

Concurrent serum lead levels and cognitive function in older adults

The effect of lead exposure on IQ test scores in children under 12 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies

Association between Blood Lead Levels and Silent Myocardial Infarction in the General Population

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