Correlation between immature platelet fraction and reticulated platelets. Usefulness in the etiology diagnosis of thrombocytopenia

Pons, Issac; Monteagudo, Manuel; Lucchetti, Gianni; Muñoz, Luz; Perea, Granada; Colomina, Isabel; Guiu, Joaquim; Obiols, Joaquima

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0609.2010.01468.x

Cited by 96 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Studies where Sysmex XE-2100 IPF was compared with reference flow cytometric retPLT indicated low or moderate correlations [65,66]. Remarkably, the coefficients of correlation differed between patients groups, from no correlation in healthy individuals to relatively high correlations in patients with thrombocytopenia due to peripheral destruction [66,67].…”

Section: Comparison Of Reticulated and Immature Platelet Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Remarkably, the coefficients of correlation differed between patients groups, from no correlation in healthy individuals to relatively high correlations in patients with thrombocytopenia due to peripheral destruction [66,67]. One study using the Sysmex XT-2000iV, which uses an identical method as XE-2100, demonstrated reasonable correlation between IPF and reference flow cytometry, albeit with a significant systematic bias [68].…”

Section: Comparison Of Reticulated and Immature Platelet Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As also IPF is often increased in this condition, this has led to the widespread belief that immature platelets are synonymous with large platelets [47,78]. This notion seems to be reinforced by high correlations between IPF and MPV [64,66,[79][80][81]. This correlation is only present in Sysmex analyzers, most likely as a result of how IPF is derived: the scatterplots indeed suggest that immature platelets are the largest platelets [49,54,82].…”

Section: Post-analytical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reticulated platelets: analytical aspects and clinical utility

Hoffmann

2014

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

136

147

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Reticulated platelets are immature platelets circulating in blood; they reflect the activity of megakaryopoiesis in the bone marrow. Therefore, they can be used as a non-invasive test in patients with thrombocytopenia in various clinical conditions. The preferred method of analysis is by flow cytometry. However, there is an evident lack of analytical standardization, making it difficult to compare results obtained in different laboratories. Currently, two types of hematology analyzers are on the market offering fully automated measurement of reticulated or immature platelets: the high end analyzers manufactured by Sysmex (XE-and XN-series) and Abbott (CELL-DYN Sapphire). Although the methods are essentially different and cannot be used interchangeably, both have been proven to have clinical utility. Reticulated or immature platelet assays are useful for the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia and for monitoring bone marrow recovery after chemotherapy or stem cell transplantation. These assays may aid clinicians in platelet transfusion decisions when recovery from thrombocytopenia is imminent. In addition, preliminary findings indicate that there is a rationale for reticulated or immature platelets for risk stratification in acute coronary syndromes and for monitoring the effect of treatment with antiplatelet drugs in patients with coronary artery diseases. The aim of this paper is to present the present technology available for measuring reticulated platelets as well as an overview of the current status of clinical application. This overview also indicates that more research is needed before reticulated or immature platelet assays can be applied in other clinical conditions than thrombocytopenia and after transplantation.

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Section: Comparison Of Reticulated and Immature Platelet Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Reticulated and Immature Platelet Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Post-analytical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reticulated platelets: analytical aspects and clinical utility

Hoffmann

2014

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

136

147

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“…Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy should be performed when the aetiology is unclear. Reticulated platelets or the equivalent immature platelet fraction can help in discriminating between thrombocytopenia due to bone marrow failure (low percentages) and hyperdestructive thrombocytopenia (high percentages) [7,8], although the specificity of these tests has not been validated prospectively. Limited evidence suggests that plasma glycocalicin and thrombopoietin levels can increase the specificity of reticulated platelets in thrombocytopenia due to increased platelet destruction [9].…”

Section: Type Mechanisms Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cardiac Related Thrombocytopenia

Sinan¹

2015

J Hematol Thrombo

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Thrombocytopenia is a common problem in cardiovascular patients. The aetiology and management may be different than those in other populations. The drugs that are used during percutaneous coronary interventions most commonly associated with thrombocytopenia are the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors and heparin. Thienopyridines rarely cause thrombocytopenia. The platelet count falls, primarily due to platelet damage and destruction in the bypass circuit and hemodilution after open-heart surgery. Heparin is the most common drug to be implicated in thrombocytopenia in intensive care unit patients. Determining the etiology for the low platelet count is important for the implementation of appropriate management. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is a potentially devastating immune mediated adverse drug reaction caused by the emergence of antibodies that activate platelets in the presence of heparin. Despite thrombocytopenia, bleeding is rare; rather, HIT is strongly associated with thromboembolic complications involving both the arterial and venous systems.

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“…This is why the devices currently available, despite claims to the contrary, have a poor specificity for "reticulated" platelets even if the addition of RNAse is used as evidence and somewhat reduces the signal. Therefore, the expectations in the follow-up studies to the original publications with manual measurement on the flow cytometer [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] have not been met, or only partially, on routine equipment with a reticulocyte channel [13][14][15][16][17][18], since the Spearman correlation coefficients are only at about 0.6. This clinically valuable parameter of the increased premature platelet release has therefore rarely been incorporated into clinical decisions in the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia.…”

Section: Livermentioning

confidence: 99%