Correlation between Hair Mercury Concentration and Blood Total Mercury in Several Area Residents

Kim, Gyeong-Yeon; Seo, Jang‐Kyun; Kim, Byoung-Gwon; Kim, Yumi; Kim, Rock Bum; Kim, Dae-Seon; Kim, Jung-Man; Kim, Choon-Jin; Hong, Young-Seoub

doi:10.5668/jehs.2013.39.2.117

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The hair-to-blood mercury concentration ratios set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) are 250:1 [ 22 ] and 250–300: 1 [ 23 ], respectively. Similarly, the ratio set by a 2010 Korean study on 1200 residents of a region was about 278.5:1 [ 24 ]. The internationally recommended limit of hair mercury concentration is 1 mg/kg as proposed by the WHO.…”

Section: Diagnosis For Mercury Intoxicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of mercury exposure level, clinical diagnosis and treatment for mercury intoxication

Kim

Jeon³

et al. 2016

Ann of Occup and Environ Med

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157

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Mercury occurs in various chemical forms, and it is different to health effects according to chemical forms. In consideration of the point, the evaluation of the mercury exposure to human distinguished from occupational and environmental exposure.With strict to manage occupational exposure in factory, it is declined mercury intoxication cases by metallic and inorganic mercury inhalation to occupational exposure. It is increasing to importance in environmental exposure and public health.The focus on the health impact of exposure to mercury is more on chronic, low or moderate grade exposure—albeit a topic of great controversy—, not high concentration exposure by methylmercury, which caused Minamata disease.Recently, the issue of mercury toxicity according to the mercury exposure level, health effects as well as the determination of what mercury levels affect health are in the spotlight and under active discussion. Evaluating the health effects and Biomarker of mercury exposure and establishing diagnosis and treatment standards are very difficult.It can implement that evaluating mercury exposure level for diagnosis by a provocation test uses chelating agent and conducting to appropriate therapy according to the result. but, indications for the therapy of chelating agents with mercury exposure have not yet been fully established.The therapy to symptomatic patients with mercury poisoning is chelating agents, combination therapy with chelating agents, plasma exchange, hemodialysis, plasmapheresis. But the further evaluations are necessary for the effects and side effects with each therapy.

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Section: Diagnosis For Mercury Intoxicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of mercury exposure level, clinical diagnosis and treatment for mercury intoxication

Kim

Jeon³

et al. 2016

Ann of Occup and Environ Med

Self Cite

157

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, the ratio set by a 2010 Korean study on a sample of 1200 residents was about 278.5:1 (Kim et al 2013). Therefore, an estimation of blood Hg concentration can be made considering that 1 ppm in hair may correlate to approximately 0.003-0.004 ppm in blood.…”

Section: Mercury Exposure In Palaeopathological Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Renaissance mercurial therapy in the mummies of Saint Domenico Maggiore in Naples: a palaeopathological and palaeotoxicological approach

Fornaciari

Chericoni

Stefanelli

et al. 2022

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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This study was designed to evaluate the use of mercury therapy in the Italian noble classes of the Renaissance through the toxicological analysis of hair content. Mercury has stability and a long half-life in hair, representing a great resource not only for forensic toxicological analysis but also for archaeological research on mercurial exposure in past populations. The hair of fourteen mummified individuals of the Aragon and vice-royal court of Naples, buried in the Neapolitan Basilica of Saint Domenico Maggiore (15–18th centuries), was analysed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and flame emission spectroscopy (FES). Out of the fourteen individuals, four presented mercury concentrations in the hair washing liquid indicating external perimortem application (in one case clearly linked to embalming, in three cases probably associated with topical therapeutic practices), three showed no traces of mercury, and seven had mercury values in hair ranging from 411 to 47 ppm, which indicate prolonged exposure in life to the metal. The historical identification of most of the mummified bodies with important nobles of Naples has allowed to compare the toxicological analyses with the nosography of the individuals and with the palaeopathological results deriving from the direct study of their bodies. Prolonged exposure in life to the metal was most likely due to mercurial anti-syphilitic therapy, as a consequence of its indiscriminate use in Renaissance therapies and, indirectly, as an effect of the extraordinary spread of venereal syphilis in the Italian upper classes during the “epidemic” phase of the disease.

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The extent of mercury (Hg) exposure among Saudi mothers and their respective infants

Al‐Saleh

Abduljabbar

Al-Rouqi

et al. 2015

Environ Monit Assess

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A total of 1016 healthy Saudi mothers and their respective infants (aged 3-12 months) were recruited from 57 Primary Health Care Centers (PHCCs) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to evaluate the extent of mercury (Hg) exposure and predict its sources in the healthy Saudi population. Total Hg levels were measured in maternal urine, breast milk, blood, and hair and in the infants' urine and hair. Only 1.9% of the mothers had urinary Hg (UHg)>10 μg/l, the limit for asymptomatic adults recommended by the World Health Organization, but the median (0.99 μg/l) was higher than in other countries. Also, 49.3% of the mothers had UHg>1 μg/l, the German reference value for adults. Median infant UHg was 0.729 μg/l, and 77 and 93 % of the infants had levels higher than 0.4 and 0.1 μg/l, the reference values of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and for Germany, respectively. The median Hg level in breast milk was 0.884 μg/l. Even though 43.2% of the milk samples were above the background level for Hg in human milk (1 μg/l), our results were lower than those reported from other countries. Median maternal total Hg in blood was 0.637 μg/l, and only 0.4 and 6.9% of samples were higher than the Hg reference levels of 5.8 μg/l of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and of 2 μg/l for Germany, respectively. Total Hg levels in hair (HHg) varied widely among mothers and infants, but only 3.9% of the mothers and 2.8% of the infants had HHg>1 μg/g (the EPA reference level). Median HHg values were 0.117 μg/g dry weight in mothers and 0.1 μg/g dry weight in infants; both were lower than in other countries. The Hg levels in mothers and their respective infants were relatively low, but our results were consistent with other studies indicating that dental amalgam fillings and fish consumption were the main predictors of maternal Hg exposure. Among the several biomarkers of Hg exposure, Hg levels in maternal hair and urine were the strongest predictors of infant exposure. The lack of an association between Hg in breast milk and Hg in infant urine and hair suggested that the infants were exposed to Hg predominately during pregnancy rather than during breastfeeding. We expect that our data can serve as a baseline for further biomonitoring and follow-up studies, particularly of the long-term impact of Hg on childhood neurodevelopment.

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Correlation between Hair Mercury Concentration and Blood Total Mercury in Several Area Residents

Abstract: Background: This study was carried out for the purpose of comprehensively evaluating the mercury exposure level of residents in several areas and the correlation between hair mercury concentration and blood mercury concentration.

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

Evaluation of mercury exposure level, clinical diagnosis and treatment for mercury intoxication

Evaluation of mercury exposure level, clinical diagnosis and treatment for mercury intoxication

Renaissance mercurial therapy in the mummies of Saint Domenico Maggiore in Naples: a palaeopathological and palaeotoxicological approach

The extent of mercury (Hg) exposure among Saudi mothers and their respective infants

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