Correlation between Facial Morphology and Esthetics in Patients with Repaired Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

Abstract

Although morphologic differences between the cleft and noncleft and between the best and worst groups were identified, the slight morphologic differences noted were not sufficient to explain the subjective esthetic evaluation by the panel.

Nasolabial symmetry and esthetics in cleft lip and palate: analysis of 3D facial images

“…We also planned to clarify the role of nasolabial symmetry in perception of facial esthetics. We were surprised that only few studies [23][24][25][26][27] dealt with the relationship between symmetry and esthetics in CLP (and none used 3D imaging). Moreover, their findings were equivocal.…”

“…However, the association between nasolabial symmetry and facial esthetics in patients with CLP is not clear. Some authors found correlations between esthetic ratings and objectively measured nasolabial symmetry [23][24][25], whereas others did not [26,27]. A possible reason for these conflicting findings is that symmetry and esthetics were assessed primarily on 2D nasolabial images [24,25,27].…”

“…A possible reason for these conflicting findings is that symmetry and esthetics were assessed primarily on 2D nasolabial images [24,25,27]. Although Russell et al [23] and Russell and Tompson [26] used nose casts for the evaluation of symmetry, they performed relatively few measurements, which may not have reflected the true nasolabial asymmetry. Moreover, the esthetics of the nasolabial area should be assessed on a 3D stimulus, as the face is a 3D structure.…”

Panel and patient perceptions of nasal aesthetics after secondary cleft rhinoplasty with versus without columellar grafting

“…Comparison between studies is difficult due to heterogeneity of sampling, panel compositions and measures used. Moreover, it is of concern that postoperative anthropometric changes are not linked to the patient's subjective assessment (Russell et al, 2009).…”

“…One important goal of cleft care is to eradicate all visible stigmata of the facial deformities (Marcusson et al, 2002;Russell et al, 2009). However, aesthetic outcomes of the nasolabial complex after cleft surgery present a challenge for the rhinoplastic surgeon.…”