Correlation between Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Embryonic Development in the First Trimester

Su, Xiujuan; Yuan, Wei; Tan, Handong; Liu, Xiangyun; Li, Dan; Li, De-Kun; Huang, Guoying; Zhang, Liwen; Miao, Maohua

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101050

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Over the years, a few observational studies in human populations have suggested a possible link between MF exposure during pregnancy and an increased risk of miscarriage 6 – 11 including two studies published in 2002 that increased the public awareness of such an association 12 , 13 . In addition, one study examined human embryonic tissues to assess the association between EMF exposure and embryonic growth, and observed an increased risk of impaired embryonic bud growth and apoptosis associated with exposure to higher MF level 14 , providing some direct evidence of adverse biological impact of EMF exposure on embryonic development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Magnetic Field Non-Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Miscarriage: A Prospective Cohort Study

Chen

Ferber

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Magnetic field (MF) non-ionizing radiation is widespread and everyone is exposed to some degree. This prospective cohort study of 913 pregnant women examined the association between high MF exposure and miscarriage risk. Cox (proportional hazards) regression was used to examine the association. After controlling for multiple other factors, women who were exposed to higher MF levels had 2.72 times the risk of miscarriage (hazard ratio = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.42–5.19) than those with lower MF exposure. The increased risk of miscarriage associated with high MF was consistently observed regardless of the sources of high MF. The association was much stronger if MF was measured on a typical day of participants’ pregnancies. The finding also demonstrated that accurate measurement of MF exposure is vital for examining MF health effects. This study provides fresh evidence, directly from a human population, that MF non-ionizing radiation could have adverse biological impacts on human health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Magnetic Field Non-Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Miscarriage: A Prospective Cohort Study

Chen

Ferber

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…The device collects MF measurements from triple-axis in milligauss (1mG = 0.1 μt) in the extremely low frequency band ranging from 40 to 1000 Hz, which covers the dominant MF of 50 Hz power-line frequency in China. The meter has been widely used in epidemiologic studies [5, 8, 15].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As developing embryo and fetus are much more susceptible to environmental toxins including MF, many studies have focused on the impact of prenatal MF exposure on fetal growth as well as other health outcomes of offspring, such as miscarriage, obesity, asthma, etc. [3, 4, 7, 8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic field and its impact on fetal growth

et al. 2019

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ObjectiveStudies on the effect of prenatal exposure to magnetic field (MF) on fetal growth is inconclusive and subject to some methodological limitations, particularly in measurement of MF exposure. The present study aimed to examine the association between maternal extremely low frequency MF (ELF-MF) exposure during pregnancy and fetal growth in offspring.MethodsA total of 128 pregnant women were recruited at their 3rd trimester and asked to wear an EMDEX Lite meter for 24 h to capture daily ELF-MF exposure. Time-weighted average (TWA), P50, and P75 of personal 24-h measurements were used to evaluate prenatal ELF-MF exposure. The medians of these measurements were used as cut-off points of high and low prenatal ELF-MF exposure. Fetal growth was measured by infant’s birth weight, skinfold thickness of triceps, abdomen, and back, and circumference of head, upper arm, and abdomen. These measures were conducted within 24-h after birth. Generalized Linear Model was used to examine the association between maternal ELF-MF level and fetal growth indices after potential confounders were adjusted for.ResultsCompared with girls with lower prenatal ELF-MF exposure, girls with higher exposure had a lower birth weight, thinner skinfold of triceps, abdomen and back, and smaller circumference of head, upper arm and abdomen in all three ELF-MF matrices. The differences were statistically significant for birth weight and most other growth measurements (P < 0.05). These measures had no significant difference between higher and lower prenatal ELF-MF exposure in boys except back skinfold thickness.ConclusionPrenatal exposure to higher ELF-MF levels was associated with decreased fetal growth in girls, but not in boys.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12940-019-0447-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Su et al (2014) recently examined the potential relationship between exposure to magnetic fields and abnormal embryonic development in a cross-sectional study, postulating that miscarriage may be preceded by and perhaps causally-related to such developmental effects. In that study, 130 working and nonworking women that were seeking an elective abortion were recruited from a maternal and child health center located in Shanghai, China.…”

Section: Epidemiologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exposures were characterized within 4 weeks following abortions with a personal exposure monitor worn at the hip that collected data once every 4 sec for a single, 24-hr period, and, as a result, there was temporal ambiguity between exposure and outcome. Su et al (2014) selected the TWA, median, and 75 th percentile as potentially biologically-relevant metrics a priori . While embryonic sac length and apoptosis levels were not markedly related to personal magnetic field exposure measures, embryonic bud length [cases = 19 (bud length ≤25 th percentile), controls = 46 (bud length >25 th percentile)] was inversely associated with a 75 th percentile magnetic field exposure ≥0.82 mG (adjusted OR: 3.95, 95% CI: 1.1, 14.2).…”

Section: Epidemiologic Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Power-Frequency Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Infertility and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Update on the Human Evidence and Recommendations for Future Study Designs

Lewis

Hauser

Maynard

et al. 2016

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B

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Infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes are significant public health concerns with global prevalence. Over the past 35 years, research has addressed whether exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields is one of the etiologic factors attributed to these conditions. However, no apparent authoritative reviews on this topic have been published in the peer-reviewed literature for nearly 15 years. This review provides an overview and critical analysis of human studies that were published in the peer-reviewed literature between 2002 and July 2015. Using PubMed, 13 epidemiology studies published during this timeframe that concern exposure to magnetic fields and adverse prenatal (e.g., miscarriage), neonatal (e.g., preterm birth or birth defects), and male fertility (e.g., poor semen quality) outcomes were identified. Some of these studies reported associations whereas others did not, and study design limitations may explain these inconsistencies. Future investigations need to be designed with these limitations in mind to address existing research gaps. In particular, the following issues are discussed: 1) importance of selecting the appropriate study population, 2) need for addressing confounding due to unmeasured physical activity, 3) importance of minimizing information bias from exposure measurement error, 4) consideration of alternative magnetic field exposure metrics, and 5) implications and applications of personal exposure data that is correlated within female-male couples. Further epidemiologic research is needed given the near ubiquitous exposures to power-frequency magnetic fields in the general population.

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Correlation between Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Embryonic Development in the First Trimester

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Exposure to Magnetic Field Non-Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Miscarriage: A Prospective Cohort Study

Exposure to Magnetic Field Non-Ionizing Radiation and the Risk of Miscarriage: A Prospective Cohort Study

Prenatal exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic field and its impact on fetal growth

Exposure to Power-Frequency Magnetic Fields and the Risk of Infertility and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: Update on the Human Evidence and Recommendations for Future Study Designs

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