Correlation Between Engine Oil Degradation, Tribochemistry, and Tribological Behavior with Focus on ZDDP Deterioration

Dörr, Nicole; Brenner, Josef; Ristić, Andjelka; Ronai, Bettina; Besser, Charlotte; Pejaković, Vladimir; Frauscher, Marcella

doi:10.1007/s11249-019-1176-5

Cited by 38 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Tribofilm analysis is typically performed ex situ and ex post. For insight at the atomic and molecular level, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, among others, are common practice (see, for example, [27][28][29][30]). Such ex situ studies have recently been complemented by in situ observations of tribofilm growth at the macroscale by integrating a tribometer in a synchrotron X-ray absorption spectrometer [31,32] and at the nanoscale through use of an atomic force microscope to both mechanically drive film growth and image that growth [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribochemistry: A Review of Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

2020

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Tribochemistry, the study of chemical reactions in tribological interfaces, plays a critical role in determining friction and wear behavior. One method researchers have used to explore tribochemistry is “reactive” molecular dynamics simulation based on empirical models that capture the formation and breaking of chemical bonds. This review summarizes studies that have been performed using reactive molecular dynamics simulations of chemical reactions in sliding contacts. Topics include shear-driven reactions between and within solid surfaces, between solid surfaces and lubricating fluids, and within lubricating fluids. The review concludes with a perspective on the contributions of reactive molecular dynamics simulations to the current understanding of tribochemistry, as well as opportunities for this approach going forward.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribochemistry: A Review of Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

2020

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“…As one of the fundamental occurrences in tribochemistry, tribofilm formation simply refers to a layer of material formed at a sliding contact as a result of interfacial chemical interactions [106]. Traditionally, researchers target film formation as a unique way to reduce friction and prolong engine lifetime; this is typically achieved by introducing novel additives at the sliding interface.…”

Section: Tribofilm Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribochemistry as an Alternative Synthesis Pathway

2020

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While reactions driven by mechanical force or stress can be labeled mechanochemical, those specifically occurring at a sliding interface inherit the name tribochemical, which stems from the study of friction and wear: tribology. Increased perception of tribochemical reactions has been gained through technological advancement, and the development of new applications remains on-going. This surprising physico-kinetic process offers great potential in novel reaction pathways for synthesis techniques and nanoparticle interactions, and it could prove to be a powerful cross-disciplinary research area among chemists, engineers, and physicists. In this review article, a survey of the history and recent usage of tribochemical reaction pathways is presented, with a focus on forging new compounds and materials with this sustainable synthesis methodology. In addition, an overview of tribochemistry’s current utility as a synthesis pathway is given and compared to that of traditional mechanochemistry.

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“…Figure 5 also shows the depletion of the ZDDP antiwear additive during the field test. Since ZDDP is one of the most extensively used antiwear additives, see [33], [34], and [35], the knowledge about its degradation processes is of great importance, primarily since the tribological properties of lubricants are substantially influenced by the amount of antiwear additives and the presence of its degradation products [36]. ZDDP depletes rapidly during the utilization of the engine oil, depleting completely between 8,000 and 9,500 km.…”

Section: Tribometrical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Used Engine Oils with Defined Degree of Degradation in a Large-scale Device

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Budnyk

Besser

et al. 2020

Acta Tech. Jaurinensis

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Lubricant degradation by additive depletion, contamination and build-up of degradation products deteriorates lubrication performance. It can be expected that engine oil degradation also has an impact on performance parameters. Engine development tends to higher power density, lower engine oil viscosity to optimize fuel efficiency, which heavily stress engine oils and thus demand increased oil performance. Correlations between engine oil degradation, friction and wear during an engine oil’s lifetime are a valuable asset in engine development towards performance, longevity and cost reduction. Here, physical-chemical and tribological properties of engine oils collected from passenger cars were determined. The results revealed the deterioration of friction (loss of fuel efficiency) and wear (increasing loss of material) depending on mileage. Defined used engine oils were produced by artificial alteration in a large-scale device and showed a very good correlation with the field samples.

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Correlation Between Engine Oil Degradation, Tribochemistry, and Tribological Behavior with Focus on ZDDP Deterioration

Cited by 38 publications

References 60 publications

Tribochemistry: A Review of Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Tribochemistry: A Review of Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Tribochemistry as an Alternative Synthesis Pathway

Production of Used Engine Oils with Defined Degree of Degradation in a Large-scale Device

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