Correlation between CT attenuation value and iodine concentration <i>in vitro</i>: Discrepancy between gemstone spectral imaging on single‐source dual‐energy CT and traditional polychromatic X‐ray imaging

Wang, Le; Liu, Bin; Wu, Xingwang; Wang, Jie; Zhou, Yong; Wang, Wanqin; Zhu, Xi; Yan, Yu; Xiao-hu, LI; Zhang, Shuai; Shen, Yun

doi:10.1111/j.1754-9485.2012.02379.x

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Theoretically, a strong correlation between CT values and iodine concentration is plausible because iodine is the most important determinant of the CT values of the thyroid glands [17]. An experimental study that used polypropylene phantoms filled with different concentrations of iodine solutions [18] showed a strong correlation between CT value and actual iodine concentration. In our study, however, only a moderate linear correlation was observed between 123 I uptake at 3 h and CT values of the thyroid gland in vivo, while the iodine concentration, as evaluated by DECT, showed a better correlation with 123 I uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine concentration calculated by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) as a functional parameter to evaluate thyroid metabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism

Binh¹,

Nakajima²,

Otake³

et al. 2017

BMC Med Imaging

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BackgroundThyroid function in patients with Grave’s disease is usually evaluated by thyroid scintigraphy with radioactive iodine. Recently, dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) with two different energy X-rays can calculate iodine concentrations and can be applied for iodine measurements in thyroid glands. This study aimed to assess the potential use of DECT for the functional assessment of the thyroid gland.MethodsThirteen patients with Grave’s disease treated at our hospital from May to September 2015 were included in this retrospective study. Before treatments, all subjects had undergone both iodine scintigraphy [three and 24 h after oral administration of 123I (20 μCi)] and non-enhanced DECT. The region of interests (ROIs) were placed in both lobes of the thyroid glands, and CT values (HU: Hounsfield unit) and iodine concentrations (mg/mL) calculated from DECT images were measured. The correlation between CT values and iodine concentrations from DECT in the thyroid gland was evaluated and then the iodine concentrations were compared with radioactive iodine uptake ratios by thyroid scintigraphy.ResultsMean (±SD) 123I uptake increased from 46.3 (±22.2) % (range, 11.1–80.1) at 3 h, to 66.5 (±15.2) % (range, 40.0–86.1) at 24 h (p < 0.01). CT values ranged from 34.5 to 98.7 HU [mean: 67.8 (±18.6)], while the iodine concentrations calculated with DECT ranged from 0.0 to 1.3 mg/mL [mean: 0.5 (±0.4)]. A moderate positive correlation between CT values and the calculated iodine concentrations in the thyroid gland was seen (R = 0.429, p < 0.05). A significant negative correlation between 123I uptake at 3 h and iodine concentration by DECT were seen (R = −0.680, p < 0.05), although no correlation was observed between 123I uptake at 3 h and CT values (p = 0.087). No correlation was observed between 123I uptake at 24 h and CT values (p = 0.153) or that between 123I uptake at 24 h and iodine concentration by DECT (p = 0.073).ConclusionThe negative correlation of 123I uptake at 3 h with iodine concentration evaluated by DECT was better than that observed with simple CT value. DECT may have a potential role in the evaluation of iodine turnover in hyperthyroid patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine concentration calculated by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) as a functional parameter to evaluate thyroid metabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism

Binh¹,

Nakajima²,

Otake³

et al. 2017

BMC Med Imaging

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“…However, the role of the CT value is to estimate the iodine content, and the accuracy of this estimation is unknown. Recently introduced as a great breakthrough in conventional CT, Gemstone spectral CT can reflect the iodine concentration directly by the monochromatic imaging [22]. Thus, our study focused on the relationship of IC and thyroid disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical values of of gemstone spectral CT in diagnosing thyroid disease

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology

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OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively evaluate the diagnostic value of gemstone spectral CT in thyroid disease. PATIENTS and METHODS: A total of 123 patients with thyroid diseases were enrolled in the retrospective study. All the patients underwent spectral CT scan, and 39 of them underwent dual-phase enhanced scan. Iodine concentration (IC) and normalized IC (NIC) were compared between benign and malignant nodules. The optimal threshold to predict malignancy was obtained by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Multivariate ROC analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of combining the IC (NIC) and conventional morphological characteristics. RESULTS: Ten diffuse diseases and 113 nodular diseases were confirmed by clinical laboratory examination and histopathology. In total, 122 nodules (87 benign and 35 malignant) were detected, 41 nodules in enhanced cases. The IC and NICVP of malignant nodules were significantly lower than benign nodules in noncontrast and venous phase (VP) (P = 0.000). The optimal IC and NICVP threshold was 0.68 mg/mL and 0.38, achieving 74.3% and 76.9% sensitivity, 66.7% and 80.0% specificity, respectively. For multivariate analysis, the area under ROC (AUC) was 0.88 and 0.94 in noncontrast and VP, respectively. Sensitivities of 77.1% and 84.6%, and specificities of 84.5% and 88.0% were achieved. CONCLUSION: Gemstone spectral CT can generally evaluate the abnormal iodine content in thyroid disease. Lower iodine can help differentiating malignant from benign nodules. A comprehensive analysis combining spectrum parameters and morphological characteristics is suggested in differential diagnosis.

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“…Therefore, iodinated contrast material is potentially a good tracer for measuring GFR, which, in this context, is equivalent to the renal clearance of the contrast material. Similarly, the multidetector CT scanner is a reliable tool for investigating renal filtration of the iodinated contrast material because of a good linear relationship between CT attenuation value and its concentration (11,12). The renal clearance of the contrast material, by definition, can be determined by dividing the amount of the contrast material filtration by its plasma concentration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Glomerular Filtration Rate with CT Measurement of Renal Clearance of Iodinated Contrast Material versus ^99mTc-DTPA Dynamic Imaging “Gates” Method: A Validation Study in Asymmetrical Renal Disease

Yuan¹,

Zhang²,

Tang³

et al. 2017

Radiology

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Purpose To validate a computed tomographic (CT) glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement and compare it with renal dynamic imaging GFR obtained by using the "Gates" method, with dual plasma sampling technetium 99m (Tc) diethylenetriaminepenta-acetic acid (DTPA) clearance ("true GFR") as the reference standard. Materials and Methods This prospective study was approved by the institutional review board, and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Forty-two patients with unilateral renal disease were included. Single-kidney CT GFR was calculated as excretory phase whole-kidney CT number enhancement divided by the area under the time-attenuation curve for the aorta, multiplied by (1 - hematocrit level). The CT GFR was then obtained by summing the result of the two sides. The true GFR and the Gates GFR were measured by using a single injection of Tc-DTPA. The CT GFR and Gates GFR were respectively compared with the true GFR by using a paired t test and linear regression analysis. Results The difference between CT GFR (mean ± standard deviation, 96.02 mL/min ± 23.11) and true GFR (90.50 mL/min ± 21.46) was 5.51 mL/min ± 6.96 (P< .001), demonstrating 6.09% systemic overestimation. The difference between Gates GFR (93.93 mL/min ± 26.97) and true GFR was 3.42 mL/min ± 16.10 (P = .176). Linear regression findings confirmed the association between CT GFR (y-axis) and true GFR (x-axis) and between Gates GFR (y-axis) and true GFR (x-axis) (P < .001 for both). Both regression lines paralleled the diagonal (intercept = 0 and slope = 1) (P = .599 and P = .945, respectively). The 95% confidence interval of the former was above the diagonal, confirming the systemic overestimation. The standard deviations of residuals of both linear regressions were 7.02 mL/min and 16.30 mL/min, respectively, demonstrating smaller deviation of the CT GFR (P < .001). Conclusion The proposed CT GFR measurement was validated in this study and was proved to be more accurate than the Gates method despite slight (6.09%) systemic overestimation. RSNA, 2016 Online supplemental material is available for this article.

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Correlation between CT attenuation value and iodine concentration in vitro: Discrepancy between gemstone spectral imaging on single‐source dual‐energy CT and traditional polychromatic X‐ray imaging

Abstract: Owing to the better correlation coefficients between CT attenuation value and iodine concentration, GSI may be a preferred method for quantitative measurement compared with TPXI.

Cited by 36 publications

References 16 publications

Iodine concentration calculated by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) as a functional parameter to evaluate thyroid metabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism

Iodine concentration calculated by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) as a functional parameter to evaluate thyroid metabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism

Clinical values of of gemstone spectral CT in diagnosing thyroid disease

Determination of Glomerular Filtration Rate with CT Measurement of Renal Clearance of Iodinated Contrast Material versus ^99mTc-DTPA Dynamic Imaging “Gates” Method: A Validation Study in Asymmetrical Renal Disease

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Correlation between CT attenuation value and iodine concentration in vitro: Discrepancy between gemstone spectral imaging on single‐source dual‐energy CT and traditional polychromatic X‐ray imaging

Abstract: Owing to the better correlation coefficients between CT attenuation value and iodine concentration, GSI may be a preferred method for quantitative measurement compared with TPXI.

Cited by 36 publications

References 16 publications

Iodine concentration calculated by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) as a functional parameter to evaluate thyroid metabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism

Iodine concentration calculated by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) as a functional parameter to evaluate thyroid metabolism in patients with hyperthyroidism

Clinical values of of gemstone spectral CT in diagnosing thyroid disease

Determination of Glomerular Filtration Rate with CT Measurement of Renal Clearance of Iodinated Contrast Material versus 99mTc-DTPA Dynamic Imaging “Gates” Method: A Validation Study in Asymmetrical Renal Disease

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Determination of Glomerular Filtration Rate with CT Measurement of Renal Clearance of Iodinated Contrast Material versus ^99mTc-DTPA Dynamic Imaging “Gates” Method: A Validation Study in Asymmetrical Renal Disease