Correlation between ciliary beat frequency and metachronal wave disorder using image analysis method

Yi, Won-Jin; Park, Kwang Suk; Lee, C. H.; Rhee, Chae‐Seo

doi:10.1007/bf02348093

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…We analyzed the BF by tracking a tracer particle attached to a cilium tip. The BF was about 11.8 Ϯ 6.4 Hz (n ϭ 24), showing good agreement with previous reports (20,22,27,28). The deviation of beat direction e (cf.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The classical picture of the two-layer structure was recently modified by Button et al (4), so that the PCL is not just a watery fluid but contains membrane-spanning mucins and mucopolysaccharides. It is also known that cilia of the tracheal lumen show two kinds of strokes, an effective stroke and a recovery stroke, with a frequency of about 10 -20 Hz (6,20,22,27,28). Due to the asymmetry of the strokes, the cilia generate a net flow towards the larynx (23,27).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fluctuation of cilia-generated flow on the surface of the tracheal lumen

Kiyota

Ueno

Numayama-Tsuruta

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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Although we inhale air that contains many harmful substances, including, for example, dust and viruses, these small particles are trapped on the surface of the tracheal lumen and transported towards the larynx by cilia-generated flow. The transport phenomena are affected not only by the time- and space-average flow field but also by the fluctuation of the flow. Because flow fluctuation has received little attention, we investigated it experimentally in mice. To understand the origin of flow fluctuation, we first measured the distribution of ciliated cells in the trachea and individual ciliary motions. We then measured the detailed flow field using a confocal micro-PTV system. Strong flow fluctuations were observed, caused by the unsteadiness of the ciliary beat and the spatial inhomogeneity of ciliated cells. The spreading of particles relative to the bulk motion became diffusive if the time scale was sufficiently larger than the beat period. Finally, we quantified the effects of flow fluctuation on bulk flow by evaluating the Peclet number of the system, which indicated that the directional transport was an order of magnitude larger than the isotropic diffusion. These results are important in understanding transport phenomena in the airways on a cellular scale.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluctuation of cilia-generated flow on the surface of the tracheal lumen

Kiyota

Ueno

Numayama-Tsuruta

et al. 2014

American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Phys

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“…A robust CBF estimator that combines advantageously the temporal and spatial properties of the cilia is needed. In this respect, standard signal processing tools as Fourier analysis [21] may be helpful. Recent studies have proposed methods based on visual inspection [11], classical Fourier analysis [11,13] and pixel average [4,11,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust estimation of the motile cilia beating frequency

Meste

Brau

Guyon

2015

Med Biol Eng Comput

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The estimation of the cilia beating frequency (CBF) is of great interest in understanding how the CBF modulates liquid fluxes and how it is controlled by the ciliated cell intra- and/or extracellular medium composition in physiological processes. Motion artifacts and camera defaults may hinder the computation of the frequency variations during long-lasting experiments. We have developed a new analysis approach consisting of a preliminary corrective step (removal of a grid pattern on the image sequence and shift compensation), followed by a harmonic model of the observed cilia using a maximum likelihood estimator framework. It is shown that a more accurate estimation of the frequency can be obtained by averaging the squared Fourier transform of individual pixels followed by a particular summation over the different frequencies, namely the compressed spectrum. Robustness of the proposed method over traditional approaches is shown by several examples and simulations. The method is then applied to images of samples containing ciliated ependymal cells located in the third cerebral ventricle of mouse brains, showing that even small variations in CBF in response to changes in the amount of oxygenation, pH or glucose were clearly visible in the computed frequencies. As a conclusion, this method reveals a fine metabolic tuning of the cilia beating in ependimocytes lining the third cerebral ventricle. Such regulations are likely to participate in homeostatic mechanisms regulating CSF movements and brain energy supply.

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“…32 The method obtains the mean CBF computing the Fourier transform of the modulus of the velocity of each pixel of the sequence and averaging the frequency corresponding to the maximum value of the modulus of the transforms. Although preliminary characterizations of the CBP have been described, for example, in Yi et al., 36 further studies are needed to quantify the CBP by means of an automatic method. Alternatively, to quantify the cell motion globally in the sequence, we can introduce a new index.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Ciliary Motility Index for Activity Measurement in Cell Cultures With Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Parrilla

Armengot

Mata

et al. 2018

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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Background The respiratory epithelium is frequently infected by the respiratory syncytial virus, resulting in inflammation, a reduction in cilia activity and an increase in the production of mucus. Methods In this study, an automatic method has been proposed to characterize the ciliary motility from cell cultures by means of a motility index using a dense optical flow algorithm. This method allows us to determine the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) together with a ciliary motility index of the cells in the cultures. The object of this analysis is to automatically distinguish between normal and infected cells in a culture. Results The method was applied in 2 stages. It was concluded from the first stage that the CBF is not a good enough indicator to discriminate between the control and infected cultures. However, the ciliary motility index does succeed in discriminating between the control and infected cultures using the t test with a value t = 6.46 and P < .001. In the second stage, it has been shown that the ciliary motility index did not differ significantly between patients, and the analysis of variance test gives α = 0.05, F = 1.61, P = .20. A threshold for this index has been determined using a receiver operating characteristics analysis that gives an area under the curve of 0.93. Conclusions We have obtained a ciliary motility index that is able to discriminate between control and infected cultures after the eighth postinfection day. After infection, there is a rapid cilia loss of the cells and the measured CBF corresponds to the remaining noninfected cells. This is why the CBF does not discriminate between the control and the infected cells.

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Correlation between ciliary beat frequency and metachronal wave disorder using image analysis method

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Fluctuation of cilia-generated flow on the surface of the tracheal lumen

Fluctuation of cilia-generated flow on the surface of the tracheal lumen

Robust estimation of the motile cilia beating frequency

A Ciliary Motility Index for Activity Measurement in Cell Cultures With Respiratory Syncytial Virus

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