Correlation between biomarkers of pain in saliva and PAINAD scale in elderly people with cognitive impairment and inability to communicate: descriptive study protocol

Cantón-Habas, Vanesa; Carrera-González, María Pilar; Moreno-Casbas, Teresa; Quesada‐Gómez, José Manuel; Rich-Ruiz, Manuel

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032927

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We used the PAINAD scale for pain assessment, a behavioral observational tool for PwD who are unable to communicate, which focuses on breathing, vocalization, facial expression, body language and consolability [ 28 ]. This tool showed a correlation with pain biomarkers in saliva, which confirms its usefulness for assessing pain in PwD [ 44 ]. Based on the PAINAD scale results, a significant number of participants remained in pain throughout the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Profile of Patients with Dementia or Cognitive Impairment Hospitalized with a Proximal Femur Fracture Requiring Surgery

Casafont

González-García²,

Marañón-Echeverría

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study reports the characteristics of patients with dementia or cognitive impairment hospitalized with a proximal femur fracture requiring surgery. Methods: Multicentric descriptive longitudinal study conducted in three traumatology units, representing high-technology public hospitals across Spain. Data collection took place between August 2018 and December 2019 upon admission to hospital, discharge, one month and three months after discharge. Results: Study participants (n = 174) were mainly women (81.6%), and the mean age was 90.7± 6.3 years old. Significant statistical differences were noted in the decline of functional capacity at baseline and one month later, and after three months they had still not recovered. Malnutrition increased from baseline to the one-month follow-up. The use of physical restraints increased during hospitalization, especially bilateral bedrails and a belt in the chair/bed. After one month, 15.2% of patients had pressure ulcers. Although pain decreased, it was still present after three months. Conclusion: Hospitalization after hip surgery for elderly people with dementia or cognitive impairment negatively impacted their global health outcomes such as malnutrition and the development of pressure ulcers, falls, functional impairment and the use of physical restraints and pain management challenges. Hospitals should implement policy-makers’ strategic dementia care plans to improve their outcomes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Profile of Patients with Dementia or Cognitive Impairment Hospitalized with a Proximal Femur Fracture Requiring Surgery

Casafont

González-García²,

Marañón-Echeverría

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Non-invasive screening of inflammatory pain biomarkers such as salivary cortisol, salivary α-amylase, secretory IgA (sIgA), testosterone or tumour necrosis factor receptor type II (sTNF-RII) are prospective instruments for detecting the level of pain in elderly population. Apparently, sIgA and sTNF-RII seem to be the most determining factors for pain identification in healthy population [79].…”

Section: Results: Biomarkers In Clinical Pain Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 91%

Possibility of Assessing Pain with Biomarkers in Psychiatric Disorders

Jakubów¹,

Kościuczuk²,

Garkowski³

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

According to the literature, patients with chronic pain and mental disorders constitute a huge, heterogeneous group. However, it is known that social and psychological processes closely affect the level and expression of chronic pain. In this paper, we present a review of the literature, define methods of identifying pain biomarkers and consider the possibility of using them to assess pain in mental disorders. Group researchers searched PubMed, Scope, and Cochrane databases for "pain biomarkers in mental disorders" between 2011 and 2021. for available databases for full-text, peer-reviewed studies and review publications using the following keywords: pain biomarkers, neuroimaging pain, pain metabolomics, pain and psychiatric disorders, pain electroencephalography (EEG), serum pain biomarkers, saliva biomarkers, and diagnosis pain. The search included full-text articles, clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, and systematic reviews. Was used part of the PRISMA method to review the literature systematically. A literature search identified 283 studies based on the initially set inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the subsequent selection stages, 11 studies were selected for analysis. There are three main areas of the possible use of biomarkers for the clinical assessment of pain in psychiatric patients, neuroimaging, changes in metabolite levels in body fluids, and changes in gene expression. As a result of the review, individual pain mediators were distinguished that may be markers of pain in psychiatric patients. Some mediators indicate the specificity of pain and are of diagnostic importance. However, despite significant advances in research, most of the described biomarkers found in clinical trials assessing the severity and frequency of pain have no practical significance in psychiatric disorders. It is possible to diagnose pain based on neuroimaging using various methods, genetic methods, body fluids: blood and urine. Of the many, body fluid biomarkers are the most advanced. Discussion: Biomarker research is a dynamically developing field. The review has proposed new ways to diagnose pain by identifying pain biomarkers. Work presented pain diagnostics in psychiatric disorders based on biomarkers from various neuroimaging methods, blood and urine analysis. The possibility of new, effective techniques gives hope for the correct diagnosis of pain, especially in patients with mental disorders, which would allow for appropriate and adequate therapeutic therapies. In clinical practice is limited to a few methods. Assessment of pain biomarkers in body fluids (serum, saliva, and urine) seems to be the most practical and promising method of clinical application. Conclusions: There are new techniques that give hope for the correct diagnosis of pain, especially in patients with mental disorders, which will allow for their proper and adequate therapy. According to the literature, patients with chronic pain and mental disorders constitute a huge, heterogeneous group. However, it is known that social and psychological processes closely affect the level and expression of chronic pain.

show abstract

“…Salivary biomarkers, such as salivary cortisol, salivary α-amylase, secretory IgA (sIgA), testosterone, glutamate, or tumor necrosis factor receptor type II (TNF-RII) has been proposed as possible pain biomarkers ( 136 – 138 ). In particular, sIgA and TNF-RII as useful salivary markers of pain given their high intra-individual reproducibility ( 139 , 140 ).…”

Section: Non-imaging Pain Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Composite Pain Biomarkers of Neuropathic Pain—Focus on Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic pain affects ~10–20% of the U.S. population with an estimated annual cost of $600 billion, the most significant economic cost of any disease to-date. Neuropathic pain is a type of chronic pain that is particularly difficult to manage and leads to significant disability and poor quality of life. Pain biomarkers offer the possibility to develop objective pain-related indicators that may help diagnose, treat, and improve the understanding of neuropathic pain pathophysiology. We review neuropathic pain mechanisms related to opiates, inflammation, and endocannabinoids with the objective of identifying composite biomarkers of neuropathic pain. In the literature, pain biomarkers typically are divided into physiological non-imaging pain biomarkers and brain imaging pain biomarkers. We review both types of biomarker types with the goal of identifying composite pain biomarkers that may improve recognition and treatment of neuropathic pain.

show abstract

Correlation between biomarkers of pain in saliva and PAINAD scale in elderly people with cognitive impairment and inability to communicate: descriptive study protocol

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Profile of Patients with Dementia or Cognitive Impairment Hospitalized with a Proximal Femur Fracture Requiring Surgery

Profile of Patients with Dementia or Cognitive Impairment Hospitalized with a Proximal Femur Fracture Requiring Surgery

Possibility of Assessing Pain with Biomarkers in Psychiatric Disorders

Toward Composite Pain Biomarkers of Neuropathic Pain—Focus on Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About