Correlation between annual volume of cystectomy, professional staffing, and outcomes

Abstract

The polymer nanocomposite samples have been prepared by solution embedding of CdS nanoparticles in polyurethane (PU). The structural properties have been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). SEM and AFM images represent the dispersion of CdS nanoparticles in a polymer matrix. The permittivity of nanocomposite samples increases with temperature due to formation of new dipoles or accumulation of charge carriers in a nanoparticle‐‐polymer interface. The increase in permittivity with temperature can be attributed to the heat‐assisted dipole moment. Furthermore, it has been observed that permittivity is the function of nanoparticle concentration, temperature, and frequency. The high concentration of nanoparticles lowers permittivity with frequency. The positive and negative tangential loss has been observed in PU‐‐CdS nanocomposite samples. The negative loss phenomenon could be understood in terms of a local space charge separation. The phase transition of PU and PU‐‐CdS nanocomposites has been studied by using a thermally stimulated discharge current technique. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 32: E274–E286, 2013; View this article online at http://wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/adv.21273

Bladder Cancer in 2010: How Far have We Come?

“…Hospitals that perform a high volume of radical cystectomies have lower mortality and complication rates than lowvolume centers. 162 Some have suggested that hospitals offering radical cystectomy should perform more than 10 cases annually. 162 Others have evaluated surgeon volume and, because of improved patient outcomes with higher volumes, have recommended that 10 radical cystectomies should be performed per surgeon annually to maintain proficiency.…”

“…162 Some have suggested that hospitals offering radical cystectomy should perform more than 10 cases annually. 162 Others have evaluated surgeon volume and, because of improved patient outcomes with higher volumes, have recommended that 10 radical cystectomies should be performed per surgeon annually to maintain proficiency. 163 Increased surgeon volume may improve outcomes because of better clinical judgement, improved technical proficiency in the operating room, and a better global understanding of the disease.…”

Impact of academic affiliation on radical cystectomy outcomes in

“…Indeed, previous studies have documented the effect of AHC on RC outcomes. 3,4 Specifically, RC performed at high AHC hospitals were less frequently associated with blood transfusions, less frequently resulted in length of stay beyond the median and were associated with fewer in-hospital mortality rates. That being said, academic status persistently predicted lower complication rates even after adjusting for AHC.…”

“…1,2 Surgeon and hospital annual caseloads represent established predictors of a variety of RC outcomes, according to the "practice makes perfect" hypothesis. 3,4 Other predictors of favourable outcomes consist of younger patient age, favourable baseline comorbidity profile and select geographical region. [3][4][5][6] However, to the best of our knowledge, the relationship between institutional academic status and postoperative outcomes following RC has not been extensively studied.…”

“…3,4 Other predictors of favourable outcomes consist of younger patient age, favourable baseline comorbidity profile and select geographical region. [3][4][5][6] However, to the best of our knowledge, the relationship between institutional academic status and postoperative outcomes following RC has not been extensively studied. Konety and colleagues reported a reduced risk of postoperative complications in large bed size, high volume, teaching institutions, but the authors failed to account for the role of institutional academic status in their analyses.…”