Correlation between age and pulse wave velocity in adults, salvador, bahia, brazil in a populationbased study: Design, methods and preliminary results

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Brazil. The pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an independent cardiovascular risk factor detecting arterial stiffness, correlated to age, among other variables. Objective: Analyze age (i) and PWV correlation on individuals aged ≥ 18 years. Methods: A cross-sectional exploratory study on a representative population of a community in Salvador-Bahia-Brazil. The data were obtained from a simple random sample, including 301 individuals, over 12 census sectors. 95 individuals of both sexes were initially assessed, from November 2016 to February 2018. Home visits were carried out to fi ll out individual and home records and to schedule examinations, including PWV measurement, in an outpatient clinic. The carotid-femoral PWV was measured as the velocity between the carotid and femoral wave coupled to the electrocardiogram, considering the beat-to-beat pulse wave base, adjusted for a .8 ratio. Femoral carotid length is measured in millimeters. An AT Cor SphygmoCor applanation tonometer was used. Central and dispersion trend measures were analyzed and stratifi ed by sex, age and PWV. Frequency and descriptive measures, Spearman's linear correlation coeffi cient between PWV and age and Prevalence Ratio per sex were obtained with the respective confi dence intervals, estimated as a function of the Odds Ratio. STATA v.12 software was used. The level of statistical signifi cance was 5%. The standards of the human research ethics board were observed. Results: There was a prevalence of women (65.3%); mean PWV was higher among men (9.5±2.5) compared to women (8.9±2.5); 68.7% of women and 31.3% of men presented normal PWV values. Statistically signifi cant trends (ES) of PWV mean gradient increase over age groups (p = 0.000) were found. There are no changes in the mean value of PWV among participants that are less than 30 years old. The prevalence of adjusted abnormal PWV was 29.5%, 36.4% among males and 25.8% among females. The chance of women, when compared to men, to present PWV abnormality was 1.64 times (95% CI: 0.66-4.07). There was a positive and statistically signifi cant moderate correlation between adjusted PWV values and age (r=0.54, p=0.0000). The correlation was moderate and statistically signifi cant among women (r=0.63, p=0.0000), weak positive and statistically signifi cant among men (r=0.41, p=0.0167). Conclusion: The correlation between PWV and age progression in both sexes was verifi ed, with higher correlations found for women.

Diurnal Variation of Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness in Chronic Kidney Disease

“…Therefore, the blood vessels in CKD are always older than their actual age. 32 This is proven by the finding of a progressive increase in PWV of 6-8% with increasing age every 10 years in the research of Delima et al 30…”