Correlation between Adult Diabetic Cataracts and Red Blood Cell Aldose Reductase Levels

Oishi, Namiki; Morikubo, Soichi; Takamura, Yoshihiro; Kubo, Eri; Tsuzuki, Shosai; Tanimoto, Tsuyoshi; Akagi, Yoshio

doi:10.1167/iovs.05-1042

Cited by 37 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…35 However, diabetes possibly may have a greater influence than the normal ageing process in the development of PSC. For instance, a study showed that levels of the enzyme aldose-reductase in red blood cells of patients younger than 60 years with short duration of diabetes were correlated positively with the prevalence of PSC, 36 suggesting a likely role of the enzyme in the pathogenesis of PSC than that of age or diabetes duration. It also could be because of relatively shorter duration of diabetes at baseline (Table 3 shows mean duration is approximately 3-6 years) and that all subjects were reexamined after 4 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence, Progression, and Risk Factors for Cataract in Type 2 Diabetes

Srinivasan¹,

Raman²,

Swaminathan³

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE.We report the 4-year incidence, progression, and risk factors of cataract subtypes in type 2 diabetes. METHODS.A total of 779 subjects completed baseline and 4-year follow-up.RESULTS. The incidences of nuclear opalescence (NO), nuclear color (NC), cortical cataract (CC), and posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC) were 70%, 55.2%, 25.7%, and 7.3%, respectively. One-step progressions of NO, NC, CC, and PSC were 14.3%, 16.1%, 8.8%, and 8.1%, respectively, and two-step or more progressions were 5.0%, 6.0%, 0.8%, and 6.0%, respectively. Incident NO was seen in patients 50 to 59 (odds ratio [OR] ¼ 3.3), NC in those 50 to 59 (OR ¼ 2.7) and 60 to 69 (OR ¼ 3.9), and CC in those 60 to 69 (OR ¼ 3.3) years old. A lower hemoglobin A 1c (HbA 1c ; OR ¼ 0.7), longer diabetes duration (OR ¼ 1.1), and hyperopia (OR ¼ 4.0) were associated with incident PSC. Women (OR ¼ 1.7) and patients with higher total cholesterol (OR ¼ 1.3) at baseline showed one-step NO progression. Patients 60 to 69 (OR ¼ 2.8) and ‡70 (OR ¼ 3.8) years old showed one-step NC progression, while those 60 to 69 years old showed one-step CC progression (OR ¼ 6.3). A lower HbA 1c (OR ¼ 0.3) was associated with one-step PSC progression. A higher low-density lipoprotein (OR ¼ 1.6) was associated with two-step or more NO progression. Patients 60 to 69 years old (OR ¼ 6.7) had a greater risk, while those with hyperopia at baseline (OR ¼ 0.2) had lower risk of two-step or more NC progression. Patients 40 to 49 years old constituted the reference group for all.CONCLUSIONS. The 4-year cumulative incidence of cataract is higher than that of progression. Greater age is a risk factor for incidence and progression of most types of cataract.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence, Progression, and Risk Factors for Cataract in Type 2 Diabetes

Srinivasan¹,

Raman²,

Swaminathan³

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…However, unlike nuclear cataracts, the increased prevalence and incidence of cortical opacities were linked to having a smaller, not a larger lens [15][16][17]31] . Several studies have shown that diabetics also have an increased risk of developing cortical cataracts and PSCs, although diabetics with well-controlled blood sugar develop a similar spectrum of age-related cataracts as nondiabetics [32,33] .…”

Section: Different Risk Factors For Each Type Of Age-related Cataractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Damage and the Prevention of Age-Related Cataracts

Beebe

Holekamp²,

Shui³

2010

Ophthalmic Res

222

158

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Purpose: Cataracts are often considered to be an unavoidable consequence of aging. Oxidative damage is a major cause or consequence of cortical and nuclear cataracts, the most common types of age-related cataracts. Methods: In this review, we consider the different risk factors, natural history and etiology of each of the 3 major types of age-related cataract, as well as the potential sources of oxidative injury to the lens and the mechanisms that protect against these insults. The evidence linking different oxidative stresses to the different types of cataracts is critically evaluated. Results: We conclude from this analysis that the evidence for a causal role of oxidation is strong for nuclear, but substantially lower for cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts. The preponderance of evidence suggests that exposure to increased levels of molecular oxygen accelerates the age-related opacification of the lens nucleus, leading to nuclear cataract. Factors in the eye that maintain low oxygen partial pressure around the lens are, therefore, important in protecting the lens from nuclear cataract. Conclusions: Maintaining or restoring the low oxygen partial pressure around that lens should decrease or prevent nuclear cataracts.

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“…At present, it affects approximately 60%-65% of type 2 diabetic patients, ultimately leading to blindness. Many studies suggest that people with diabetes are more predisposed to cortical and posterior subcapsular cataracts than those without diabetes, and those cataracts are characterized by low cell density as well as apoptosis [1][2][3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ginkgo bilobaextract prevents against apoptosis induced by high glucose in human lens epithelial cells¹

Yin

et al. 2008

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica

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Aim: To investigate the protective effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on high glucose-induced apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells (HLEC) and the possible molecular mechanisms. Methods: The cultured HLEC were allotted into 6 groups: normal group, high glucose group, low-, moderate-, and highdose GBE group, and the bendazac lysine group. Cell viability, cell apoptosis, the activities of cell antioxidases, aldose reductase, caspase-3, the levels of cell antioxidants, and the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax were assessed by different methods. Results: After being incubated with high glucose for 24 h, HLEC underwent apoptosis and exhibited significant oxidative stress. In the presence of GBE at different doses, the rate of HLEC apoptosis was lower and the oxidative stress state was significantly ameliorated. The increased ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 was significantly reduced and the activation of caspase-3 was suppressed by GBE in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: GBE prevents HLEC from high glucose-induced apoptosis through inhibiting oxidative stress, reducing the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, and decreasing the activity of caspase-3. Therefore, GBE has a potential protective effect against diabetic cataract formation.

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Correlation between Adult Diabetic Cataracts and Red Blood Cell Aldose Reductase Levels

Abstract: AR emerges as an important factor affecting the onset of posterior subcapsular cataracts at the early stages of diabetes mellitus. This raises the possibility that AR inhibitors could play a useful role in treatment of adult diabetic cataract through its inhibition of AR activities.

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Incidence, Progression, and Risk Factors for Cataract in Type 2 Diabetes

Incidence, Progression, and Risk Factors for Cataract in Type 2 Diabetes

Oxidative Damage and the Prevention of Age-Related Cataracts

Ginkgo bilobaextract prevents against apoptosis induced by high glucose in human lens epithelial cells¹

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Correlation between Adult Diabetic Cataracts and Red Blood Cell Aldose Reductase Levels

Abstract: AR emerges as an important factor affecting the onset of posterior subcapsular cataracts at the early stages of diabetes mellitus. This raises the possibility that AR inhibitors could play a useful role in treatment of adult diabetic cataract through its inhibition of AR activities.

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Incidence, Progression, and Risk Factors for Cataract in Type 2 Diabetes

Incidence, Progression, and Risk Factors for Cataract in Type 2 Diabetes

Oxidative Damage and the Prevention of Age-Related Cataracts

Ginkgo bilobaextract prevents against apoptosis induced by high glucose in human lens epithelial cells1

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Ginkgo bilobaextract prevents against apoptosis induced by high glucose in human lens epithelial cells¹