Correlation-based watermarking by a digital holographic technique

Cheng, Chau Jern; Li, Lin

doi:10.1117/1.1831191

Opt. Eng

2005

DOI: 10.1117/1.1831191

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Correlation-based watermarking by a digital holographic technique

Chau Jern Cheng

Lin Li

Abstract: Abstract. We propose and demonstrate an optical watermarking scheme using a digital holographic technique. The holographic watermark is constructed by an off-axis diffusetype hologram and embedded into a cover image with appropriate weighting. Detection of the hidden mark is optically implemented using a VanderLugt correlator with the watermarked matched filter. Detected correlation is spatially separable and avoids interference from the cover image. © 2005Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

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Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

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Hologram-based watermarking capable of surviving print-scan process

et al. 2010

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We propose a watermarking scheme for hardcopy pictures based on computer-generated holography. A hologram of the watermark is produced using a conjugate-symmetric extension technique, and its spectrum is inserted into the discrete cosine transform domain of the image. Adjusting the watermark placement in a data array, a trade-off between transparency and robustness is achieved. Anticropping and the interference-resisting capability of holograms make the watermark robust against manipulations commonly performed on digital images during postprocessing, including contrast enhancement, moderate smoothing and sharpening, and, in particular, geometric transformation. Most importantly, the proposed hologram-based watermarking can withstand the printing-scanning attack and, therefore, is useful in protecting copyright of digital photographs both as electronic and hardcopy versions.

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Hologram-based watermarking capable of surviving print-scan process

et al. 2010

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Hologram authentication based on a secure watermarking algorithm using cellular automata

2014

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A secure watermarking algorithm for hologram authentication is presented in this paper. The algorithm exploits the noise-like feature of holograms to randomly embed a watermark in the domain of the discrete cosine transform with marginal degradation in transparency. The pseudo random number (PRN) generators based on a cellular automata algorithm with asymmetrical and nonlocal connections are used for the random hiding. Each client has its own unique PRN generators for enhancing the watermark security. In the proposed algorithm, watermarks are also randomly generated to eliminate the requirements of prestoring watermarks in the clients and servers. An authentication scheme is then proposed for the algorithm with random watermark generation and hiding.

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Correlation-based watermarking by a digital holographic technique

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Hologram-based watermarking capable of surviving print-scan process

Hologram-based watermarking capable of surviving print-scan process

Hologram authentication based on a secure watermarking algorithm using cellular automata

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