Correlation Analysis of Phenolic Contents and Antioxidation in Yellow- and Black-Seeded Brassica napus

Abstract

Brassica napus L. is rich in phenolic components and it has natural antioxidant characteristics which are important to human health. In the present study, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents of developing seeds of yellow- and black-seeded B. napus were compared. Both phenolic and flavonoid contents were significantly higher at 5 weeks after flowering (WAF) in black seeds (6.44 ± 0.97 mg EE/g phenolics and 3.78 ± 0.05 mg EE/g flavonoids) than yellow seeds (2.80 ± 0.13 mg/g phenolics and 0.83 ± 0.01 mg/g flavonoids). HPLC–DAD–ESI/MS analysis revealed different content of 56 phenolic components between yellow and black-seeded B. napus, including kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, quercetin-3-O-sophoroside, procyanidin B2 ([DP 2]), which were significantly reduced in yellow seeds compared with black seeds. Applying the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical assay, we found maximum clearance of DPPH and ABTS in the late developmental stages of yellow and black seeds. Additionally, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) value maximized at 5 WAF in black seeds (432.52 ± 69.98 μmol Fe (II)/g DW) and 6 WAF in yellow seeds (274.08 ± 2.40 μmol Fe (II)/g DW). Generally, antioxidant ability was significantly reduced in yellow-seeded B. napus compared to black rapeseed, and positive correlations between antioxidation and flavonoid content were found in both yellow- and black-seeded B. napus.

Transcriptomic comparison between developing seeds of yellow- and black-seeded Brassica napus reveals that genes influence seed quality

“…4CL plays an important role in several steps of lignin biosynthesis and participates in the formation of coumaroyl-CoA, caffeoyl-CoA and feruloyl-CoA. Previously, and Wang et al (2018) reported that sinapic acid was more accumulated in yellow seed than black seed [39,61]. Down-regulation of 4CL in yellow rapeseed indicated that caffeic acid and ferulic acid might be less transformed into caffeoyl-CoA and feruloyl-CoA.…”

“…The oil content of W82 was 6% higher than that of Yangyou 6. Higher protein and sucrose contents, less dietary fiber and crude fiber, and fewer glucosinolates accumulated in the seed meal of yellow rapeseed compared with black rapeseed (Additional file 12: Table S7) [8,39,61,69]. The developing seeds at 3 WAF, 4 WAF, 5 WAF, 6 WAF, and mature seeds were collected from three pods each of ten individual plants for comparative analysis.…”

Metabolite Profiling and Transcriptome Analysis Provide Insight into Seed Coat Color in Brassica juncea

“…Among the oilseed Brassica species, the naturally yellow-seeded germplasm recourses usually exist in the diploid B. rapa (Yellow Sarson type) and allotetraploid B. juncea varieties [7,8] but are not found in Brassica oleracea and Brassica napus. Furthermore, numerous studies have shown that the regulatory mechanisms underlying seed coat color significantly differ among the different species of the Brassica genus [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Assessment of the Properties of Rapeseed Oil Enriched with Oils Characterized by High Content of α-linolenic Acid

“…The content of linoleic and α-linolenic acids in rapeseed oil is usually approx. 20% and 10%, respectively [7,8]. It also exhibits good oxidative stability, which is better than that of soybean and sunflower oils [9].…”