Correlating digit span performance and event-related potentials to assess working memory

Marchand, Yannick; Lefebvre, Celeste D.; Connolly, John F.

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2006.05.007

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Reduced amplitude for the later part of the P300 component at high load indicates that, unlike the control group, the psychotic symptoms group did not show the same level of sustained parietal positivity to the probe at the more difficult levels of the task which other evidence supports [37]. The P300 ERP has been conceptualised as the physiological correlate of working memory updating of changes in the environment or as an index of allocation of attentional resources and memory search processes [35], [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In a summary of previous research, Marchand et al [37] state that the most consistent finding in the literature is the elicitation of a sustained parietal positivity (i.e. P300) to the probe (irrespective of whether the probe type is positive or negative) with an increase in latency as memory set size increases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…According to Marchand et al [37], many ERP studies of working memory have employed a modified version of the Sternberg task in which participants are presented with a set of digits/letters to memorise, followed by a “probe” digit. The participant must indicate if the probe was part of the original memory set (positive probe) or not (negative probe).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced P300 amplitude during retrieval on a spatial working memory task in a community sample of adolescents who report psychotic symptoms

et al. 2013

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BackgroundDeficits in working memory are widely reported in schizophrenia and are considered a trait marker for the disorder. Event-related potentials (ERPs) and imaging data suggest that these differences in working memory performance may be due to aberrant functioning in the prefrontal and parietal cortices. Research suggests that many of the same risk factors for schizophrenia are shared with individuals from the general population who report psychotic symptoms.MethodsForty-two participants (age range 11–13 years) were divided into those who reported psychotic symptoms (N = 17) and those who reported no psychotic symptoms, i.e. the control group (N = 25). Behavioural differences in accuracy and reaction time were explored between the groups as well as electrophysiological correlates of working memory using a Spatial Working Memory Task, which was a variant of the Sternberg paradigm. Specifically, differences in the P300 component were explored across load level (low load and high load), location (positive probe i.e. in the same location as shown in the study stimulus and negative probe i.e. in a different location to the study stimulus) and between groups for the overall P300 timeframe. The effect of load was also explored at early and late timeframes of the P300 component (250-430 ms and 430-750 ms respectively).ResultsNo between-group differences in the behavioural data were observed. Reduced amplitude of the P300 component was observed in the psychotic symptoms group relative to the control group at posterior electrode sites. Amplitude of the P300 component was reduced at high load for the late P300 timeframe at electrode sites Pz and POz.ConclusionsThese results identify neural correlates of neurocognitive dysfunction associated with population level psychotic symptoms and provide insights into ERP abnormalities associated with the extended psychosis phenotype.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced P300 amplitude during retrieval on a spatial working memory task in a community sample of adolescents who report psychotic symptoms

et al. 2013

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“…ERPs were used in the backward DST under two conditions; digits were aurally presented and were followed by a second set that either corresponded to the reverse order (correct condition), or by a second set in which an incorrect digit was included in the list (incorrect condition) (Lefebvre et al, 2005; Marchand et al, 2006). The findings showed a positive P2 and P3 in the correct condition, and conversely showed a prolonged positive slow wave for the incorrect condition; this suggests that the two conditions are associated with different patterns of activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Verbal and Visuospatial Forward and Backward Order Recall: A Review of the Literature

2017

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How sequential, verbal and visuospatial stimuli are encoded and stored in memory is not clear in cognitive psychology. Studies with order recall tasks, such as the digit, and Corsi span, indicate that order of presentation is a crucial element for verbal memory, but not for visuospatial memory. This seems to be due to the different effects of forward and backward recall in verbal and visuospatial tasks. In verbal span tasks, performance is worse when recalling things in backward sequence rather than the original forward sequence. In contrast, when it comes to visuospatial tasks, performance is not always worse for a modified backward sequence. However, worse performance in backward visuospatial recall is evident in individuals with weak visuospatial abilities; such individuals perform worse in the backward version of visuospatial tasks than in the forward version. The main aim of the present review is to summarize findings on order recall in verbal and visuospatial materials by considering both cognitive and neural correlates. The results of this review will be considered in the light of the current models of WM, and will be used to make recommendations for future studies.

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“…A statistical method was developed for linking neuropsychological and neurophysiological measures at an individual level. It was successfully applied to ERP studies that adapted the PPVT-R (Marchand, D'Arcy, & Connolly, 2002) and the Digit Span Backward task from the Wechsler Memory Scale-Third Edition (WMS-III) (Marchand, Lefebvre, & Connolly, 2006). The cognitive abilities under investigation were related to the presence or absence of specific ERP components, namely the N400 and the slow positive wave component as seen in the PPVT-R and Digit Span Backward tasks, respectively.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Event-related Brain Potentials as a Measure of Performance on WISC-III and WAIS-R NI Similarities Sub-tests

Connolly

Marchand

D’Arcy

2006

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology

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Communication difficulties are a common consequence of brain injury and neuropathological processes. Equally common is the inability to assess intellectual functioning in many communication-impaired populations because the aphasia and physical disability of such patients prevents measurable performance on traditionally administered tests of mental functioning. This study demonstrates that concept formation abilities can be assessed using event-related brain potentials. It also provides further evidence for the efficacy of this innovative assessment method in which standardized and validated psychometric tests are formatted for computer presentation and simultaneous recording of neural activity, which serves as the response measure in lieu of verbal/behavioral responses.

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Correlating digit span performance and event-related potentials to assess working memory

Cited by 24 publications

References 50 publications

Reduced P300 amplitude during retrieval on a spatial working memory task in a community sample of adolescents who report psychotic symptoms

Reduced P300 amplitude during retrieval on a spatial working memory task in a community sample of adolescents who report psychotic symptoms

Differences in Verbal and Visuospatial Forward and Backward Order Recall: A Review of the Literature

Event-related Brain Potentials as a Measure of Performance on WISC-III and WAIS-R NI Similarities Sub-tests

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