Correlates of traumatic brain injury among juvenile offenders: A multi‐site study

Vaughn, Michael G.; Salas-Wright, Christopher P.; DeLisi, Matt; Perron, Brian E.

doi:10.1002/cbm.1900

Cited by 55 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The msTBI group were significantly more likely to have previously been in care (64% vs 34%), and to be at current risk of deliberate self-harm (57% vs 43%) and suicidality (50% vs 24%). A study by Vaughn and colleagues66 in the USA with adjudicated adolescents (n=1345, aged on average 16 years, mostly [86%] male), also found that those with TBI had higher scores for a range of comorbid problems—psychopathy, moral disengagement and impulsivity, bullying, peer delinquency, violent victimisation, and witnessing violence.…”

Section: Tbi Prevalence Studies In Offender Populationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Traumatic brain injury: a potential cause of violent crime?

Williams

Chitsabesan

Fazel

et al. 2018

The Lancet Psychiatry

158

126

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the biggest cause of death and disability in children and young people. TBI compromises important neurological functions for self-regulation and social behaviour and increases risk of behavioural disorder and psychiatric morbidity. Crime in young people is a major social issue. So-called early starters often continue for a lifetime. A substantial majority of young offenders are reconvicted soon after release. Multiple factors play a role in crime. We show how TBI is a risk factor for earlier, more violent, offending. TBI is linked to poor engagement in treatment, in-custody infractions, and reconviction. Schemes to assess and manage TBI are under development. These might improve engagement of offenders in forensic psychotherapeutic rehabilitation and reduce crime.

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Section: Tbi Prevalence Studies In Offender Populationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Traumatic brain injury: a potential cause of violent crime?

Williams

Chitsabesan

Fazel

et al. 2018

The Lancet Psychiatry

158

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…: TBI is common among delinquent youth (Vaughn et al, 2014). Our severity scale is designed to characterize mild TBI using a 7-point scale derived from extensively queried details capturing associated features (e.g., presence and length of any loss of consciousness, confusion or amnesia; headache; nausea).…”

Section: Traumatic Brain Injury [Tbi]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion regulation mediates the relationship between verbal learning and internalizing, trauma-related and externalizing symptoms among early-onset, persistently delinquent adolescents

Lansing

Plante

Golshan

et al. 2019

Learning and Individual Differences

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Research supports cascading relationships among internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and academic problems. This constellation of problems characterizes Early-Onset/Persistent Delinquent [EOPD] youth and appropriately targeted interventions accounting for this comorbidity may improve outcomes. To investigate these relationships in EOPD youth, we characterized their cross-diagnostic psychopathology and verbal (word-list) learning/memory and evaluated: 1) verbal learning/memory profiles of Withdrawn/Depressed relative to Non-Withdrawn/Depressed youth; 2) cognitive and psychiatric predictors of verbal learning; and 3) emotion regulation as a mediator of psychiatric and cognitive relationships. Results indicated Withdrawn/Depressed youth recalled significantly fewer words during immediate, and some delayed, recall conditions. Less word-learning was predicted by: Withdrawn/Depressed classification, higher trauma-specific re-experiencing symptoms, greater emotion dysregulation, weaker executive skills, fewer trauma-avoidance and aggressive symptoms, and earlier alcohol-use onset. Emotion regulation strongly mediated the relationship between verbal learning and psychopathology, but not cognitive skills, among youth at high-risk for school dropout. Mental health and education implications are discussed.

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“…TBI is also increased among perpetrators of domestic violence, another indicator that TBI is linked with aggressive behavior (Farrer, Frost, & Hedges, ). This association is not just apparent in adults, but in adolescents as well (Farrer, Frost, & Hedges, ; Perron & Howard, ; Vaughn, Salas‐Wright, DeLisi, & Perron, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbitofrontal cortical thinning and aggression in mild traumatic brain injury patients

Epstein

Legarreta²,

Bueler³

et al. 2016

Brain and Behavior

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IntroductionAlthough mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) comprises 80% of all TBI, the morphological examination of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in relation to clinical symptoms such as aggression, anxiety and depression in a strictly mTBI sample has never before been performed.ObjectivesThe primary objective of the study was to determine if mTBI patients would show morphological differences in the OFC and if the morphology of this region would relate to clinical symptoms.MethodsUsing structural images acquired in a 3T MRI machine, the cortical thickness and cortical volume (corrected for total brain volume) of the OFC was collected for healthy control (N = 27) subjects and chronic mTBI (N = 55) patients at least one year post injury. Also, during clinical interviews, measures quantifying the severity of clinical symptoms, including aggression, anxiety, and depression, were collected.Results MTBI subjects displayed increased aggression, anxiety, and depression, and anxiety and depression measures showed a relationship with the number of mTBI in which the subject lost consciousness. The cortical thickness of the right lateral OFC displayed evidence of thinning in the mTBI group; however, after correction for multiple comparisons, this difference was no longer significant. Clinical measures were not significantly related with OFC morphometry.ConclusionThis study found increased aggression, anxiety, and depression, in the mTBI group as well as evidence of cortical thinning in the right lateral OFC. The association between clinical symptoms and the number of mTBI with loss of consciousness suggests the number and severity of mTBI may influence clinical symptoms long after injury. Future studies examining other brain regions involved in the production and regulation of affective processes and inclusion of subjects with well‐characterized mood disorders could further elucidate the relationship between mTBI, brain morphology, and clinical symptoms.

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Correlates of traumatic brain injury among juvenile offenders: A multi‐site study

Cited by 55 publications

References 49 publications

Traumatic brain injury: a potential cause of violent crime?

Traumatic brain injury: a potential cause of violent crime?

Emotion regulation mediates the relationship between verbal learning and internalizing, trauma-related and externalizing symptoms among early-onset, persistently delinquent adolescents

Orbitofrontal cortical thinning and aggression in mild traumatic brain injury patients

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