Correlates of olfactory impairment in middle-aged non-diabetic Caucasian subjects with stage I–II obesity

Campolo, Jonica; Corradi, Ettore; Rizzardi, Alice; Parolini, Marina; Dellanoce, Cinzia; Guglielmo, Maria Luisa Di; Tarlarini, Patrizia; Cattaneo, Marina; Trivella, Maria Giovanna; Maria, Renata De

doi:10.1007/s00405-020-06442-5

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…1065,1066 One nationally representative cross-sectional study showed that ever-versus never-smokers had significantly lower OD risk and the other nationally representative cross-sectional study did not show a significant relationship between smoking and OD. 1067,1068 Nine population-based studies showed greater OD risk among smokers, and two did not. [1069][1070][1071][1072][1073][1074][1075][1076][1077][1078][1079] Of community-based studies, six studies showed greater OD risk among smokers, with one demonstrating dose-response relationships.…”

Section: O Related To Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One nationally representative cross‐sectional study showed that ever‐ versus never‐smokers had significantly lower OD risk and the other nationally representative cross‐sectional study did not show a significant relationship between smoking and OD 1067,1068 …”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chronic cigarette smoking may contribute to OD. Literature evaluating chronic smoking on OF includes a meta‐analysis, concluding that current (but not necessarily former) smoking was associated with 59% greater OD risk 1060 . Additional studies are reviewed below and in Table VII.17.…”

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

Patel

Holbrook

Turner

et al. 2022

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Background:The literature regarding clinical olfaction, olfactory loss, and olfactory dysfunction has expanded rapidly over the past two decades, with an exponential rise in the past year. There is substantial variability in the quality of this literature and a need to consolidate and critically review the evidence. It is with that aim that we have gathered experts from around the world to produce this International Consensus on Allergy and Rhinology: Olfaction (ICAR:O). Methods: Using previously described methodology, specific topics were developed relating to olfaction. Each topic was assigned a literature review, evidence-based review, or evidence-based review with recommendations format as dictated by available evidence and scope within the ICAR:O document. Following iterative reviews of each topic, the ICAR:O document was integrated and reviewed by all authors for final consensus. Results:The ICAR:O document reviews nearly 100 separate topics within the realm of olfaction, including diagnosis, epidemiology, disease burden, diagnosis, testing, etiology, treatment, and associated pathologies. Conclusion:This critical review of the existing clinical olfaction literature provides much needed insight and clarity into the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with olfactory dysfunction, while also clearly delineating gaps in our knowledge and evidence base that we should investigate further.

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Section: O Related To Smokingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

Patel

Holbrook

Turner

et al. 2022

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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“…This type of inflammation can have dramatic consequences in the brain. Since we showed in this review that olfactory function is blunted in obese patients (with or without T2D, (Campolo et al, 2021)), in non-obese diabetic patients (Zhang et al, 2019), and even, in animal models, in non-obese non-diabetic mice fed with low quantities of HF (Takase et al, 2016), we postulate that inflammatory mechanisms in the brain are the main and early pathological events that could impair the olfactory system in all these different metabolic contexts. Noteworthy, fast HFD-induced inflammation is sufficient to decrease insulin sensitivity in non-obese non-diabetic rats (Cruciani-Guglielmacci et al, 2005).…”

Section: Alteration Of the Olfactory Structures: From The Olfactory Mucosa To Associative Brain Regionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Consistent results were reported in 2015 by (Patel et al, 2015) who found that 80% of individuals (19-85 years) with impaired olfactory performances were overweighted or obese. In middle-aged stage I-II non-diabetic obese patients (31 women, 29 men, 50-70 years; 30>BMI>40 kg/m2, with metabolic characteristics in the physiological range including normoglycemia after fasting), olfactory deficit is significantly prevalent (Campolo et al, 2021). If the BMI is a simple measure of obesity, it is also correlated with hormonal changes which could be the cause of olfactory impairment, but very few studies have controlled these parameters.…”

Section: Relation Between Orthonasal and Retronasal Olfaction And The Bmimentioning

confidence: 99%

Olfaction in the context of obesity and diabetes: Insights from animal models to humans

et al. 2022

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HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.

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The impact of race on olfaction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Khan

Gutiérrez

Chapurin

et al. 2023

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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BackgroundMany studies have identified a higher degree of Olfactory Dysfunction (OD) in Black patients compared to White patients. This study aims to analyze olfactory outcomes in different races.MethodsThe PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL databases were searched from inception to September 5, 2022, for English‐language articles documenting self‐reported and psychophysical OD stratified by race. A meta‐analysis of proportions, comparison of weighted proportions, and comparison of means were performed in MedCalc 20.218. In the quantitative analysis, 79,297 patients were included, comprising 79.3% Whites, 16.1% Blacks, and 4.6% Hispanics.ResultsA total of 14 studies were meta‐analyzed. The prevalence of self‐reported OD in Hispanic, White, and Black patients was 19.5% (95% CI, 16.6% to 22.6%), 17.2% (95% CI, 10.5% to 25.0%), and 13.9% (95% CI, 9.3% to 19.2%), respectively (p < 0.0007). The prevalence of psychophysical OD in Black, White, and Hispanic patients was 30.3% (95% CI, 24.2% to 36.9%), 24.2% (95% CI, 20.1% to 28.5%), and 18.4% (95% CI, 16.3% to 20.7%), respectively (p < 0.0001). Blacks reported a greater extent of unrecognized OD compared to Whites, with a difference of 16.5% (95% CI, 15.0% to 17.9%) versus 5.8% (95% CI, 3.4% to 8.0%), respectively (p < 0.0001). Hispanic rates of self‐reported OD and psychophysical OD were not statistically different.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that Blacks have the highest rate of psychophysical OD and are more likely to underreport their awareness compared to Whites.

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Correlates of olfactory impairment in middle-aged non-diabetic Caucasian subjects with stage I–II obesity

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

International consensus statement on allergy and rhinology: Olfaction

Olfaction in the context of obesity and diabetes: Insights from animal models to humans

The impact of race on olfaction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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