Correlates of obesity

Hoiberg, Anne; Berard, Steven; Watten, Raymond H.

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(198010)36:4<983::aid-jclp2270360429>3.0.co;2-w

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The food obsession scale and the emotional eating scale were developed in previous research on obesity in the Navy (Hoiberg et al, 1978).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…food bingeing, purging, and/or "bulimia") have been associated with certain dysfunctional behaviors. Among these are borderline personality disorder (Johnson, Tobin, and Enright, 1989), anxiety or depression (Hoiberg, Berard, & Watten, 1978;Keck & Fiebert, 1986), the perception of little self-contro.. (Loro & Orleans, 1981;Wilson, 1976), impulsiveness, obsessive behavicr, or guilt (Williamson, Kelley, Davis, Ruggiero, & Blouin, 1985), difficult'f coping with stress (Loro & Orleans, 1981), and interpersonal difficulties in general (Kolotkin, Revis, Kirkley & Janick, 1987). Dysfunctional behaviors occur in the nonobese; however, these studies show they are more common in the obese.…”

Section: Dietary and Behavioral Correlates Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary and Behavioral Prediction of Obesity in the Navy

Bois¹,

Goodman²,

Conway³

1989

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Suiary Problem During 1987 and, the prevalence of "overfat" personnel in the U.S.Navy was about 6%, while the prevalence of morbid obesity (26% or more body fat in males and 36% or greater body fat in femiles) was 4%. Although the proportion of Navy personnel who are obese is somewhat lower than in the general population, the current Navy rates still pose concerns fcr the health and physical readiness of personnel. ObjectiveThe overall purpose of the present study was to examine the factors related to obesity in the Navy.Specific objectives were to determine the role of diet and the relationship of obesity-prone behaviors while controlling for the effects of sex and age.The sample (N-153) consisted of lean and overweight personnel.Overweight subjects were enrolled in one of two Navy weight reduction programs, while lean subjects were contacted through the Navy's annual dental exam. ResultsDemographic results for study participants indicated that obesity was more common among women than men, and personnel of older than younger age. Dietary results indicated that overweight males consumed significantly fewer calories and less carbohydrate than lean males; however, non-significant trends showed that overfat males consumed more cholesterol and sucrose than normal weight males.Overfat. females ate significantly more fat, cholesterol, saturated fat, and sodium than normal weight females. For the sample as a whole, carbohydrate intake was negatively related to percent body fat, such that those of heaviest weight were less likely to eat carbohydrates than those of normal weight. Although behavioral factors indicated that the overweight were more inclined toward food obsessions and emotional eating, the highest proportion of explained variance in obesity was demonstrated by the interaction of food obsessions with older age.Food obsessions present more of a problem in terms of increasing percent body fat with older age.

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“…The food obsession scale and the emotional eating scale were developed in previous research on obesity in the Navy (Hoiberg et al, 1978).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Dietary and Behavioral Correlates Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary and Behavioral Prediction of Obesity in the Navy

Bois¹,

Goodman²,

Conway³

1989

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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“…The categories were not mutually exclusive. Hoiberg et al (1980) found significant correlations between an "Emotional Eater" dimension on a questionnaire (eating when depressed, bored, angry, anxious, frustrated, or lonely) and body mass indices (BMI) in three U.S. Navy groups. When Overweight History, Food Obsession, and Physical Activity dimensions were controlled, the relationship remained significant only for females.…”

Section: Ganleymentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion and eating in obesity: A review of the literature

Ganley¹

1989

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

324

207

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Do emotions influence the eating patterns of obese individuals? This paper reviews 30 years of clinical and experimental research in order to answer this question. The result is a picture of considerable complexity in which emotions appear to influence eating by obese subjects, but only if individual variability and several qualities of emotional eating are considered. That is, unlike Kaplan and Kaplan's (1957) simplistic anxiety-reduction model, current research indicates that individual differences in food choice and in type of emotion precipitating eating need to be considered. In addition, secrecy surrounding the eating and an episodic quality related to overall level of stress need to be taken into consideration. When these parameters are included, it appears that in certain emotional situations obese people eat more than normal-weight individuals. Such eating appears to have an affect-reducing effect, especially for negative emotions such as anger, loneliness, boredom, and depression. Problems with current research including methodological shortcomings are discussed.

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“…Horiberg, Berard, and Watten studied a large sample of Navy personnel using the Comrey Personality Scales [8]. Obese subjects were higher on extroversion (+D).…”

Section: Personality Correlates Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Difference Correlates and Measures of Predisposition to Obesity and to Anorexia

Mehrabian

Nahum

Duke

1986

Imagination, Cognition and Personality

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A questionnaire of eating and related habits was developed and factor analyzed to yield verbal report measures of predisposition to obesity, binge eating, physical activity, and predisposition to anorexia. The latter was composed of three intercorrelated components: food phobia, inability to eat, and abhorrence of full stomach (vomiting). Predisposition to obesity correlated .42 with binge eating and -.55 with the ponderal index (a measure of the elongated-rounded quality of body shape). Predisposition to anorexia correlated .14 with predisposition to obesity, showing that those predisposed to anorexia had a weak tendency to perceive themselves as prone to gain weight. However, contrary to clinical observations, predisposition to anorexia did not correlate significantly with binge eating or with physical activity. Across the entire sample, binge eating correlated .15 with abhorrence of full stomach (vomiting) showing that the incidence of bulimia is very low.A three-dimensional temperament framework and its associated measures of trait pleasure-displeasure, arousability, and trait dominance-submissiveness was used to explore personality correlates of eating habits. Predisposition to obesity was associated with arousability, and secondarily, with submissiveness, indicating anxious or dependent temperament types to be prone to obesity. 'Both binge eaters and those predisposed to anorexia exhibited unpleasant, arousable, and submissive (Le., anxious) temperament characteristics. Physical activity was associated with trait dominance and trait pleasure; that is, relaxed or exuberant temperament qualities. Compared with males, females were significantly more predisposed to obesity, binge eating, and anorexia. 339 1986, Baywood Publishing Co., Inc.

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Correlates of obesity

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Dietary and Behavioral Prediction of Obesity in the Navy

Dietary and Behavioral Prediction of Obesity in the Navy

Emotion and eating in obesity: A review of the literature

Individual Difference Correlates and Measures of Predisposition to Obesity and to Anorexia

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