Correlates of HIV Infection Among Sexually Active Adults in Kenya: A National Population-Based Survey

Oluoch, Tom; Mohammed, Ibrahim; Bunnell, Rebecca; Kaiser, Reinhard; Kim, Andrea A; Gichangi, Anthony; Mwangi, M.; Dadabhai, Sufia; Marum, Lawrence; Orago, Alloys S. S.; Mermin, Jonathan

doi:10.2174/1874613601105010125

Cited by 29 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Though the strength of association is moderate, the likelihood of HIV positive was 1.43 times more likely among currently married and in union compared to unmarried ones (AOR = 1.43, 95%CI = 1.21, 1.70). Consistent with this study the study conducted in Nairobi Kenya reported that, this risk of HIV/AIDS was higher among widowed compared to unmarried (12)(13)(14). The attribute could be due to, the reason for their divorce and separation could be one of the partner might be affected by HIV infection or He she might have risky behavior.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Trends of HIV/AIDS Infection in Arsi Zone from 2002-2008 E.C (2010 to 2016 G.C), Oromia Region Ethiopia: Evidence from VCT Registry

Tafa¹,

Fekadu²,

Aseffa³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Introduction: HIV continues to be a major global public health issue, having claimed more than 35 million lives so far. Globally, about 36.7 million people living with HIV currently, more than two third of the infection is the burden of Sub-Saharan Africa. Knowing the status of HIV/AIDS has the great value to individual health of treatment with ART and in terms of reductions in individual morbidity and mortality, and is equally cost-effective. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess trends and associated factor of HIV infection in Arsi zone from 2010 to 2016.Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted in Arsi zone. Thirty health facilities (27 health centers and 3 Hospitals) were selected for the study from all woreda in the Zone. A total of 205,691 data was collected from VCT registration book. Data were entered into computer using Epi info 3.5.4 and exported for analysis to SPSS 21. Data were presented using tables and figures using line graphs. Logistic regression was used to see the association and significance was declared at P-value<0.05 Result: The study showed a total of 4300 HIV positive cases were reported between 2002(2009 G.C) to 2008(2016 G.C) according to available VCT registration book during survey at 30 health facilities. The trends of HIV of infection were not properly defined, it was 3.4% in 2002(2010 G.C ) and mean while a gradual drop has been observed in the next five consecutive years, almost which was less than 2% prevalence and in 2008 the prevalence was raised to 2.4% compared to 2007 and before. The changes in HIV prevalence were uneven among districts. Findings from logistic regression analysis indicated that the fitted demographic characteristics like, marital status, age and occupation were significantly associated with HIV positivity in both bivariate and multivariate analysis.Conclusion: There are no encouraging indications that the HIV prevalence has decreasing since there were variation among districts. Therefore there is a need of designing comprehensive strategy to combat the spread of HIV infections among all individuals. It is also important to strengthening VCT services at all level with strict follow up.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Trends of HIV/AIDS Infection in Arsi Zone from 2002-2008 E.C (2010 to 2016 G.C), Oromia Region Ethiopia: Evidence from VCT Registry

Tafa¹,

Fekadu²,

Aseffa³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…14–18 Widowers whose spouses died of HIV disease may have been exposed to high viral load from their partners, which can occur during late-stage disease, 17 but it is also possible that widowed men were sources of infection for their spouses who died from the disease. Studies have also demonstrated that widowers are more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behavior after the death of their spouse and contribute to new HIV infections in the population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Incidence of HIV Infection, Trends, and Risk Factors Among Persons Aged 15–64 Years in Kenya

Kimanga¹,

Ogola²,

Umuro³

et al. 2014

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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134

118

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Background Enhanced HIV surveillance using demographic, behavioral, and biologic data from national surveys can provide information to evaluate and respond to HIV epidemics efficiently. Methods From October 2012 to February 2013, we conducted a 2-stage cluster sampling survey of persons aged 18 months to 64 years in 9 geographic regions in Kenya. Participants answered questionnaires and provided blood for HIV testing. We estimated HIV prevalence, HIV incidence, described trends in HIV prevalence over the past 5 years, and identified factors associated with HIV infection. This analysis was restricted to persons aged 15–64 years. Results HIV prevalence was 5.6% [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.9 to 6.3] in 2012, a significant decrease from 2007, when HIV prevalence, excluding the North Eastern region, was 7.2% (95% CI: 6.6 to 7.9). HIV incidence was 0.5% (95% CI: 0.2 to 0.9) in 2012. Among women, factors associated with undiagnosed HIV infection included being aged 35–39 years, divorced or separated, from urban residences and Nyanza region, self-perceiving a moderate risk of HIV infection, condom use with the last partner in the previous 12 months, and reporting 4 or more lifetime number of partners. Among men, widowhood, condom use with the last partner in the previous 12 months, and lack of circumcision were associated with undiagnosed HIV infection. Conclusions HIV prevalence has declined in Kenya since 2007. With improved access to treatment, HIV prevalence has become more challenging to interpret without data on new infections and mortality. Correlates of undiagnosed HIV infection provide important information on where to prioritize prevention interventions to reduce transmission of HIV in the broader population.

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“…12 It was designed to provide national and provincial data on the sociodemographic, behavioural and biological correlates of HIV infection. 13 All individuals aged 15 to 64 years who were either usually resident in the selected households or visiting the household on the night before the survey were eligible to participate. Interviewers obtained information on the participants' demographic characteristics and sexual behaviour using a structured questionnaire.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male circumcision programmes in Kenya: lessons from the Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey 2007

Mwandi¹,

Bunnell²,

Cherutich³

et al. 2012

Bull World Health Org

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Correlates of HIV Infection Among Sexually Active Adults in Kenya: A National Population-Based Survey

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Trends of HIV/AIDS Infection in Arsi Zone from 2002-2008 E.C (2010 to 2016 G.C), Oromia Region Ethiopia: Evidence from VCT Registry

Trends of HIV/AIDS Infection in Arsi Zone from 2002-2008 E.C (2010 to 2016 G.C), Oromia Region Ethiopia: Evidence from VCT Registry

Prevalence and Incidence of HIV Infection, Trends, and Risk Factors Among Persons Aged 15–64 Years in Kenya

Male circumcision programmes in Kenya: lessons from the Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey 2007

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