Correlates of HIV, HBV, and HCV infections in a prison inmate population: Results from a multicentre study in Italy

Babudieri, Sergio; Longo, Benedetta; Sarmati, Loredana; Starnini, Giulio; Dori, Luca; Suligoi, Barbara; Carbonara, Sergio; Monarca, Roberto; Quercia, Giulio; Florenzano, Grazia; Novati, Stefano; Sardu, Antonio; Iovinella, Vincenzo; Casti, Aldo; Romano, Anacleto; Uccella, Ilaria; Maida, Ivana; Brunetti, Bruna; Mura, María Stella; Andreoni, Massimo; Rezza, Giovanni

doi:10.1002/jmv.20375

Cited by 107 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…2,3,19 Even though only 3% of the studied population referred to the use of injecting drugs in the present study, the HIV and HCV positivities among users were high. In the homeless population who did not use injecting drugs, these fi gures were 1.5% for HIV and 7.3% for HCV, thus confi rming the association between HCV and injecting drug use.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…However, these rates are lower than those observed in Italy, in a study conducted with prison population, where a positivity of 38% for HCV, 52.7% for anti-HBc, 6.7% for HBsAg and 7.5% for anti-HIV were observed. 2 The prevalence of HBsAg among adolescents living on the streets of Montreal 16 varied between 1% and 6%, and among shelter users it was 12%; whereas previous hepatitis B was 21% among those who regularly go to community restaurants, and 43% among shelter users in New York city. 22 In spite of the free immunization against hepatitis B, the vaccine coverage rate is low, as observed in a study conducted in Montreal, 16 where 12% of the 437 homeless adolescents completed the three doses of the vaccine program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Infecção pelo HIV, hepatites B e C e sífilis em moradores de rua, São Paulo

et al. 2007

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OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of HIV infections, as well as hepatitis B and C and syphilis viruses in homeless people. METHODS:Cross-sectional study with educational intervention, conducted in the city of São Paulo, between 2002 and 2003. A convenience sample of homeless people who used night shelters was selected, according to the following criteria: aged 18 or older and not showing psychiatric disturbances. During interviews, sociodemographic and behavioral data were gathered and HIV, hepatitis B and C and syphilis laboratorial tests and post-test counseling were carried out. RESULTS:A total of 330 shelter users participated, with an average age of 40.2 years, 80.9% of them male, having lived on the streets for one year in average. Prevalences of 1.8% for HIV, 8.5% for hepatitis C virus, 30.6% for previous hepatitis B infection, 3.3% for chronic or acute infection by hepatitis B virus, and 5.7% for syphilis. The consistent use of condoms was referred to by 21.3% of interviewees and the use of injecting drugs by 3% of them. Positivity was 10% for HIV and 50% for hepatitis C virus among injectable drug users, versus 1.5% for HIV and 7.3% for hepatitis C among the others, showing an association between the virus and the use of injecting drugs. Previous imprisonment was referred to by 7.9% of women and 26.6% of men, with a prevalence of 2.6% for HIV and 17.1% for hepatitis C virus. CONCLUSIONS:The high prevalences of HIV and hepatitis B and C viruses require prevention programs based on vaccination against hepatitis B, early diagnosis of these infections and placement of homeless people into health services.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infecção pelo HIV, hepatites B e C e sífilis em moradores de rua, São Paulo

et al. 2007

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“…Furthermore, our results are consistent with those obtained in Canadian, 8,11,13,[25][26][27][28] American 12,29 and European prisons. 9,30,31 However, this is the first time that the activity of performing tattooing or piercing on other inmates was identified as a protective factor. This result may reflect the adoption of harm-reduction behaviour by tattoo artists for themselves and for those they tattoo.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis C virus infections among inmates of Quebec provincial prisons

Poulin¹,

Alary²,

Lambert³

et al. 2007

Canadian Medical Association Journal

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25 52Research I n the province of Quebec, as elsewhere, HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in incarcerated populations are of concern to public health and correctional service authorities. 1-3 Many studies have shown that the prevalence of HIV infection is higher in the incarcerated population than in the general population, 4-7 and more recently other studies have shown that a greater proportion of inmates are infected with HCV than with HIV. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] People admitted to correctional facilities often have a history of injection drug use, needle-sharing and high-risk sexual behaviours. 5,7,9,15 The practice of such risky behaviours is frequently continued during incarceration, 5,9,10,15-17 along with other potentially risky activities, such as being tattooed. 5,7,8,16 To date, there has been limited information regarding the burden of HCV infection among inmates of provincial prisons in Quebec, where HIV and HCV testing is available to inmates only on request. Better knowledge of infection rates would help disease prevention and management program planning.We sought to determine the prevalence of HIV and HCV infections among inmates in 7 provincial prisons in Quebec and to identify risk factors associated with prevalent HCV infection in this population. Methods BackgroundWe selected 7 provincial prisons from a total of 17 in the province of Quebec, to represent a diversity of settings. Of the 5 men's prisons, 1 was in Montréal, 1 was in Québec City, and 3 were in smaller cities in the eastern, western and northern regions of the province. The 2 women's prisons were both in urban settings (Québec City and Montréal). The total capacity of the participating prisons was 2077 beds for men and 162 beds for women, thus representing 52% of all 4303 beds in the Quebec network of provincial detention centres. On admission, information such as name, length of sentence and date of release is recorded in each prison's computer database.

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“…La prevalencia (1,5%) fue baja en relación con los porcentajes reportados en otras cárceles de Estados Unidos, Irlanda, España, México y Brasil (6,16,17,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30), y en quienes están en hemodiálisis o reciben transfusiones múltiples en Venezuela (34)(35)(36). Sin embargo, concuerda con las bajas prevalencias observadas en la población general, trabajadoras sexuales, usuarios de drogas intravenosas y donantes de este país (33,38,39), lo cual sugiere una baja circulación del virus en la región.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Se han observado altas prevalencias del virus de la hepatitis C en instituciones penitenciarias de Francia (4,9%), España (34,2% a 38,2%), Italia (38,2% a 90%), Australia (30,2% a 42%), Irlanda ((72%), Irán (45,4%), Ghana (18,7% a 19,2%), México (10%), Estados Unidos (13% a 23,1%) y Canadá (15,9% a 16,6%) (6,(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). En América latina, los únicos datos publicados sobre la infección en reclusos provienen de Brasil, donde se han observado prevalencias de 4,8% a 41% (13,14,31).…”

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Baja prevalencia de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en una población de reclusos, Maracaibo, Venezuela

et al. 2009

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Introducción. Las conductas de alto riesgo presentes en los centros de reclusión incrementan la probabilidad de transmisión de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C. En Venezuela no se han realizado estudios del virus en estos centros, por lo que se desconoce la relevancia de la infección en ellos. Objetivo. Estimar la prevalencia del virus de la hepatitis C y los posibles factores de riesgos involucrados en la transmisión del virus en reclusos de la cárcel de Sabaneta, Maracaibo, Venezuela. Material y métodos. Se seleccionó una población de 200 reclusos de un total de 1.000.Las edades estaban comprendidas entre 18 y 69 años (media ± DE: 31,62 ± 9,93 años). La detección de anticuerpos contra el virus de la hepatitis C se realizó por duplicado mediante el método inmunoenzimático ELISA de IV generación y por el método de inmunoblot INNO-LIA HCV®, ambos de Innogenetic Lab (Bélgica). El ARN viral se detectó por la técnica de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa, previa transcripción inversa, RT-PCR. Resultados. La frecuencia obtenida con el método ELISA fue de 5% (10/200) y 3/200 (1,5%) individuos fueron positivos, a la vez, con los métodos de INNO-LIA y RT-PCR. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en esta población fue baja, lo que evidencia la baja circulación del virus en el reclusorio. El principal factor de riesgo para la adquisición de la infección, al parecer, es el uso de drogas intravenosas.Palabras clave: hepatitis C, prevalencia, prisioneros, Venezuela. Low prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in a prisoner population from Maracaibo, VenezuelaIntroduction. The high risk behaviors observed in prison centers have favored the transmission of hepatitis C virus infection. The main risk factor to acquire hepatitis C virus infection seems to be the use of intravenous drugs. In Venezuela, the prevalence of the infection in these centers is unknown since studies of the hepatitis C virus there are lacking. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C virus and the risk factors involved in the transmission in prisoner populations. Material and methods. A sample of 200 prisoners was studied from Sabaneta Jail, Maracaibo, Venezuela. The ages were between 18-69 years (average ± DS: 31.6±9.9 years). Serum samples were tested by a fourth generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA and a confirmatory assay INNO-LIA. Both kits were from Innogenetic Laboratories N.V. (Belgium). Viral RNA was tested by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique (RT-PCR). Results. The ELISA assay determined a hepatitis C virus prevalence of 5.0% (10/200); 3/200 (1.5%) individuals were positive by both INNO-LIA and RT-PCR tests.

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Correlates of HIV, HBV, and HCV infections in a prison inmate population: Results from a multicentre study in Italy

Cited by 107 publications

References 12 publications

Infecção pelo HIV, hepatites B e C e sífilis em moradores de rua, São Paulo

Infecção pelo HIV, hepatites B e C e sífilis em moradores de rua, São Paulo

Prevalence of HIV and hepatitis C virus infections among inmates of Quebec provincial prisons

Baja prevalencia de la infección por el virus de la hepatitis C en una población de reclusos, Maracaibo, Venezuela

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