Correlates of expressed and received violence across relationship types among men and women substance abusers.

Abstract

This study examined expressed and received violence among men and women in substance abuse treatment. Rates of past-year partner violence (PV) did not differ by gender, although men reported markedly higher rates of nonpartner violence (NPV). Compared with PV, NPV was associated with more demographic and background factors (e.g., childhood aggression and conduct problems, family history of violence). The most consistent correlates of violence across relationship types were age, minority status, drug-related consequences, psychiatric distress, and frequency of childhood aggression. Only a few gender-specific correlates were identified; most notably, witnessing father-to-mother violence was related to received PV only for women. Identification of correlates of expressed and received violence in partner and nonpartner relationships is essential for the assessment and treatment of individuals in substance abuse treatment settings.

Physical violence among a prospective cohort of injection drug users: A gender-focused approach

“…Similar proportions of men and women reported experiencing a recent violent attack at baseline (21% vs. 22%) and over the follow-up period (50% vs. 43%). These results are consistent with previous studies that have observed comparable overall rates of received violence among drug-using men and women (Chermack et al, 2001;Finlinson et al, 2003). In longitudinal multivariate analyses examining the risk factors associated with received violence, many similarities between sexes were observed.…”

“…One study examining received violence in a sample of individuals participating in substance abuse treatment found no gender difference in the proportion of participants reporting violence from partners (61% versus 65% among men and women, respectively), while males reported higher rates of violence from non-partners (75% versus 45% among men and women, respectively) (Chermack et al, 2001). Although the expression of violence has traditionally been associated with masculine gender roles, which in turn are at least partially responsible for the linking of partner violence perpetuation and sexual risk behaviours (Santana et al, 2006), received violence among male IDU is also common and likely underreported.…”

“…Although the expression of violence has traditionally been associated with masculine gender roles, which in turn are at least partially responsible for the linking of partner violence perpetuation and sexual risk behaviours (Santana et al, 2006), received violence among male IDU is also common and likely underreported. As noted by Chermack et al (2001), studies that do not include both male and female participants and do not examine violence outside of the partner or marital context result in a limited understanding of the gender-related issues that influence physical violence. Furthermore, studies that examine primarily individual-level factors (e.g., age, ethnicity, education) cannot account for the gendered structures and social relations within the drug economy and street environment that perpetuate everyday violence experienced by IDU (Epele, 2002).…”

Physical Victimization and High-Risk Sexual Partners among Illicit Drug-Using Heterosexual Men in New York City

“…1,2 In a substance abuse treatment sample, 61 % of men and 65 % of women reported being the victim of physical partner violence, and 75 % of men and 45 % of women reported physical victimization from a person other than an intimate partner in the past 12 months. 3 The HIV risk behaviors of an individual's sexual partners, in addition to condom use, have significant epidemiological implications for the Turner, Rivera, and Lewis are with the …”

“…4 Physical victimization has been linked to high-risk sexual partnerships in women like having an HIV-positive sexual partner and other risk factors for HIV including having unprotected sex and having an STI. 5,6 Although men are more likely to be victims of any kind of violence, 3,7 the few studies examining physical victimization and sexual risk behavior among men have mostly focused on intimate partner violence (IPV) among men who have sex with men (MSM). [8][9][10][11] Fewer studies have examined the association between physical victimization and sexual risk behavior in heterosexual men or illicit drug users.…”