Correlated Applied Anatomy of the Bronchial Tree and Lungs With a System of Nomenclature

Jackson, Chevalier; Huber, John Franklin

doi:10.1378/chest.9.4.319

Cited by 186 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The lobes were classified as three on the right and two on the left with lingular lobe considered as part of the left upper lobe. We divided the right lung into 10 segments, and left into 8 segments according to the classification of Jackson and Huber [30] . All scans were assessed for radiological abnormalities and were categorized as follows: (1) normal bronchi were those having the lumen diameter similar to the adjacent artery.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chest radiographic and computed tomographic manifestations in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Agarwal

Khan²,

Garg³

et al. 2012

WJR

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AIM:To investigate the chest radiographic and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) chest manifestations in glucocorticoid-naïve allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) patients. METHODS:This is a prospective observational study and includes 60 consecutive glucocorticoid-naïve patients with ABPA who underwent chest radiography and HRCT of the chest (1.25 mm every 10 mm) in the routine diagnostic workup for ABPA. RESULTS:Chest radiographs were normal in 50% of cases. Of the remainder, most patients demonstrated permanent findings in the form of parallel line and ring shadows suggesting bronchiectasis. Consolidation was detected in 17 cases but in the majority, the corresponding HRCT chest scan showed mucus-filled bronchiectatic cavities. Chest HRCT was normal in 22 patients, while central bronchiectasis (CB) was demonstrated in the remaining 38 patients. Bronchiectasis extended to the periphery in 33%-43% depending on the criteria used for defining CB. The other findings observed on HRCT were mucoid impaction, centrilobular nodules and high-attenuation mucus in decreasing order of frequency. CONCLUSION:Patients with ABPA can present with normal HRCT chest scans. Central bronchiectasis cannot be considered a characteristic feature of ABPA as peripheral bronchiectasis is commonly observed. Consolidation is an uncommon finding in ABPA.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chest radiographic and computed tomographic manifestations in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Agarwal

Khan²,

Garg³

et al. 2012

WJR

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“…Over the years a satisfactory nomenclature system has evolved for identifying major pulmonary airways from the trachea down to and including the 18 segmental bronchi (Jackson and Huber, 1943;Brock, 1946Brock, ,1950. This system, utilizing anatomically oriented names for the airways, permits logical and standardized (with only minor variations) identification of airways down to the segmental bronchi (fourth to sixth generation from the trachea).…”

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confidence: 99%

A numerical identification syterm for airways in the lung

Young

Stout

et al. 1983

Anat. Rec.

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A numerical system for identifying airways at any level in the tracheobronchial tree has been developed which appears to be simple, logical, and accurate. The system has been successfully used in the authors' laboratory to expedite morphometric studies of the conducting airways in the tracheobronchial tree. Three simple and direct criteria or rules have been formulated for assignment of an airway identification number (AIN) to any specific pulmonary airway, according to this identification system. Some specific applications of this AIN system have been enumerated and several limitations that the authors have recognized have been described. Workers in the fields of bronchial morphometry and anatomy are invited to consider the possible theoretic and practical utility of this airway identification system.

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“…Bronchoscopists refer to the central versus peripheral airways, distinguished by what can be visually assessed during a procedure. From the trachea (generation 0), the airways divide into around 23 generations [2] and named airways down to the 6th generation have been described [3][4][5]. In the era of multidetector CT (MDCT) imaging, more airways can be imaged than are named, and a modified nomenclature system has been developed [6].…”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying tracheobronchial tree dimensions: methods, limitations and emerging techniques

Williamson¹,

James²,

Phillips³

et al. 2009

European Respiratory Journal

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The ability to measure airway dimensions is important for clinicians, interventional bronchoscopists and researchers in order to accurately quantify structural abnormalities and track their changes over time or in response to treatment.Most quantitative airway measurements are based on X-ray computed tomography and, more recently, on multidetector computed tomography. Quantitative bronchoscopic techniques have also been developed, although these are less widely employed. Emerging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic optical coherence tomography, endobronchial ultrasound and confocal endomicroscopy, provide new research tools with potential clinical applications.An understanding of issues related to the acquisition, processing and analysis of images, and how such issues impact on imaging the tracheobronchial tree, is essential in order to assess measurement accuracy and to make effective use of the newer methods. This article contributes to this understanding by providing a comprehensive review of current and emerging techniques for quantifying airway dimensions.KEYWORDS: Airway dimensions, confocal endomicroscopy, multidetector computed tomography, optical coherence tomography, videobronchoscopy A dvances over the past 20 yrs in medical imaging and bronchoscopy have heralded an era of unprecedented access to quantitative information on tracheobronchial structure and, increasingly, function. The expanding scope of technical advances challenges the ability of clinicians and researchers to keep abreast of recent developments and emerging techniques. Computed tomography (CT) and, to a lesser extent, bronchoscopy are the two imaging tools that have contributed most to our understanding of the airway in vivo and are used on a daily basis by clinicians in the management of airway diseases. Newer techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging, optical coherence tomography, fibreoptic confocal endomicroscopy and endobronchial ultrasound, offer fresh insights into the way we view and quantify the airway.Over the coming years, the clinical applications of these newer techniques will be defined. As with endobronchial ultrasound, which has been adopted by interventional bronchoscopists in a little over a decade from its first reported use [1], it is likely that smoking-related lung diseases, such as bronchogenic cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), will drive the rapid development of new endoscopic imaging modalities and maintain the current pace of technical improvements of existing techniques, in particular CT. Initial applications of these techniques may focus on screening and surveillance of endobronchial malignancies and the use of real-time airway measurements during interventional procedures to deploy endobronchial stents. In these settings, accurate real-time quantitative imaging is advantageous.

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Correlated Applied Anatomy of the Bronchial Tree and Lungs With a System of Nomenclature

Cited by 186 publications

References 4 publications

Chest radiographic and computed tomographic manifestations in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Chest radiographic and computed tomographic manifestations in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

A numerical identification syterm for airways in the lung

Quantifying tracheobronchial tree dimensions: methods, limitations and emerging techniques

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