Correction to: The dysregulated innate immune response in severe COVID-19 pneumonia that could drive poorer outcome

Abstract

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Short‐term exposure to ambient air pollution and COVID‐19 severity during SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta and Omicron waves: A multicenter study

“…The period of the week preceding hospitalization was chosen as it most likely represented a time of transition of infection from the incubation phase to the symptomatic stage, a time window during which the innate response constitutes a substantial line of the antiviral defense 12,44–47 . In turn, its alterations can lead to hyperinflammation, resulting in a more severe clinical course of COVID‐19 and a worse prognosis 48–51 . Air pollutants such as PM and B(a)P were shown to reveal proinflammatory action and adversely influence innate immune responses, also following short‐term exposures 6,52–54 .…”

“…12,[44][45][46][47] In turn, its alterations can lead to hyperinflammation, resulting in a more severe clinical course of COVID-19 and a worse prognosis. [48][49][50][51] Air pollutants such as PM and B(a)P were shown to reveal proinflammatory action and adversely influence innate immune responses, also following short-term exposures. 6,[52][53][54] The following air quality limits were considered in the present research: mean 24 h PM 10 > 50 μg/m, 3 mean 24 h PM 2.5 > 20 μg/m, 3 and mean 24 h B(a)P > 1.0 ng/m.…”

Discovery and systematic assessment of early biomarkers that predict progression to severe COVID-19 disease

“…The identification of sensitive and specific prognostic biomarkers to predict the clinical trajectory is, therefore, crucial to guide clinical care and early intervention to ideally avoid the necessity of critical care. Several studies have described differential blood levels of various pro-or anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and other proteins in sera of severely ill COVID-19 patients and suggested their use as prognostic markers for the outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infections or even as potential therapeutic targets [6][7][8][9] . However, most previous studies only report the analysis of a few or a single potential biomarker(s), which often lack accuracy for a clinical application.…”

“…7 Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. 8 These authors contributed equally: Katrin Hufnagel, Anahita Fathi. ✉ email: schroeder@sciomics.de…”

Interleukin-7 Reverses Lymphopenia and Improves T-Cell Function in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient With Inborn Error of Toll-Like Receptor 3: A Case Report

“…Prospective and retrospective cohorts of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) have demonstrated mortality rates between 20% and 40% for patients 40-50 years who are admitted to an ICU and approaches 45% if they require intubation (5)(6)(7). Severity of disease in COVID-19 is linked to a dysregulated host immune response to the SARS-CoV-2 virus (8)(9)(10), which has led to the initiation of several clinical trials investigating the use of immunomodulatory agents as adjuvant therapy alongside antiviral medications (11,12). There have been several different immunopathologic mechanisms described in the literature to date, with each potentially benefitting from a distinct targeted therapy.…”