Correction to: Positive correlation between sarcopenia and elevation of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in pathological stage IIIA (N2-positive) non-small cell lung cancer patients

Tsukioka, Takuma; Izumi, Nobuhiro; Mizuguchi, Shinjiro; Kyukwang, Chung; Komatsu, Hiroaki; Toda, Magdalena; Hara, Kodai; Miyamoto, Hikaru; Nishiyama, Noritoshi

doi:10.1007/s11748-018-01056-5

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, some of those papers were later excluded because there was no information on survival. Finally, a total of ten retrospective studies on long-term outcomes (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16), and six studies on short-term outcomes (8)(9)(10)(11)13,14) were included.…”

Section: Search Results and Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Third, a tumor occurring in sarcopenia patients has a more malignant potential than that occurring in patients without sarcopenia. As a result, even if the pathological stages were the same in both sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia patients, the tumor recurrence will be frequently observed in sarcopenia patients (11). Finally, the most interesting theory is that muscles have a potential tumor inhibitory effect via the help of myokines.…”

Section: Sarcopenia and Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does sarcopenia affect postoperative short- and long-term outcomes in patients with lung cancer?—a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kawaguchi¹,

Hanaoka²,

Ohshio³

et al. 2021

J Thorac Dis

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Background: Lung cancer patients frequently suffer from sarcopenia, and reports on the association of resectable lung cancer and their postoperative outcomes are increasing. Information on whether sarcopenia has any impact on short-and long-term postoperative outcomes in patients surgically treated for nonsmall cell lung cancer remains insufficient. Furthermore, reports vary regarding the pathological stage, surgical procedure, diagnostic tool of sarcopenia, cut-off value, prognosis, and postoperative complications.We believe that sarcopenia assessment should be included as one of the factors which affect the surgical outcomes of lung cancer. Thus, we conducted a review and meta-analysis to ascertain the association between sarcopenia and postoperative outcomes. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed/MEDLINE. Studies included cases defined sarcopenia, received lung cancer surgery, assessed postoperative complications, and prognosis. The pooled odds ratios for survival and postoperative complications, with 95% confidence intervals, were generated using Review manager 5.3. Results: A total of ten retrospective studies were eligible for this meta-analysis, including a total of 2,643 non-small cell lung cancer patients. All reviews used skeletal muscle mass as a diagnostic tool for sarcopenia.Sarcopenia was associated with worse survival outcomes and increased postoperative complications in patients with resected lung cancer. Conclusions: Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for postoperative death and postoperative complications in patients who have undergone surgery. It is necessary to explore the mechanism of sarcopenia and optimal intervention, such as exercise, nutrition, or drug therapy.

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Section: Search Results and Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sarcopenia and Prognosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Does sarcopenia affect postoperative short- and long-term outcomes in patients with lung cancer?—a systematic review and meta-analysis

Kawaguchi¹,

Hanaoka²,

Ohshio³

et al. 2021

J Thorac Dis

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show abstract

“…Skeletal muscle has recently been identified as a secretory organ, producing myokines; these may activate immune cells to suppress the growth of cancer cells [ 11 ]. Although some reports have demonstrated that sarcopenia decreases post-operative overall survival (OS) [ 9 , 12 – 19 ] and disease-free survival (DFS) [ 9 , 14 , 18 ] in NSCLC patients, it is currently unclear whether sarcopenia directly affects post-operative recurrence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia increases the risk of post-operative recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

et al. 2021

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Background Sarcopenia is among the most prevalent and serious cancer-related symptom, and is strongly correlated with a poor prognosis. Moreover, it reportedly predicts poor prognosis after surgery in patients with lung cancer. However, it is unclear whether sarcopenia directly affects post-operative recurrence. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether sarcopenia can be a risk indicator for post-operative recurrence, and whether it suppresses anti-tumor immunity, in a cohort of patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer. Methods This study retrospectively reviewed the data of 256 consecutive patients who underwent curative lobectomy and lymph node dissection for non-small cell lung cancer at our institution. The psoas muscle mass index was calculated as the total psoas muscle area at the third lumbar vertebral level/height2 (cm2/m2). Sarcopenia was defined by a psoas muscle mass index of under 5.03 cm2/m2 and 3.17 cm2/m2 in male and female patients, respectively. Post-operative prognosis and cumulative incidence of recurrence rates were calculated. Results The 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival rates post-surgery were 59.5% and 38.6%, respectively, in patients with sarcopenia versus 81.1% and 72.1%, respectively, in patients without sarcopenia (p < 0.001). The 5-year cumulative incidence of recurrence rate in patients with sarcopenia was significantly higher than those without sarcopenia (49.9% versus 22.4%, respectively) in every pathological stage. Pathological stages II and III (hazard ratio, 3.36; p = 0.004), histological type (hazard ratio, 2.31; p = 0.025), and sarcopenia (hazard ratio, 2.52; p = 0.001) were independent risk factors for post-operative recurrence according to multivariate analysis. Conclusion Sarcopenia is a risk indicator for post-operative recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

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“…58 As low skeletal muscle mass is related to lower levels of IL-6, low muscle mass could inhibit the suppression of tumour progression, worsening the prognosis of cancer patients. [58][59][60] Research on the effects of prescribing exercise in oncological patients is rapidly expanding, [61][62][63] particularly after it was observed that voluntary running in tumour-bearing mice suppressed tumour growth, likely by enabling IL-6-sensitive natural killer cells to infiltrate tumour tissue. 58,64 Physical exercise itself was proved to be the crucial factor to evoke the effects of IL-6 on tumour growth, as simply administering an IL-6 injection did not have similar repressing effects.…”

Section: Myokine Secretion and Physical Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a myokine, IL‐6 has been indicated to play an important role in the redistribution and infiltration of natural killer cells, thereby suppressing tumour growth 58 . As low skeletal muscle mass is related to lower levels of IL‐6, low muscle mass could inhibit the suppression of tumour progression, worsening the prognosis of cancer patients 58‐60 …”

Section: Systemic Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiological mechanisms explaining poor clinical outcome of older cancer patients with low skeletal muscle mass

et al. 2020

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Low skeletal muscle mass is highly prevalent in older cancer patients and affects 5% to 89% depending on the type and stage of cancer. Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with poor clinical outcomes such as post‐operative complications, chemotherapy toxicity and mortality in older cancer patients. Little is known about the mediating pathophysiological mechanisms. In this review, we summarize proposed pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the association between low skeletal muscle mass and poor clinical outcomes in older cancer patients including a) systemic inflammation; b) insulin‐dependent glucose handling; c) mitochondrial function; d) protein status and; e) pharmacokinetics of anticancer drugs. The mechanisms of altered myokine balance negatively affecting the innate and adaptive immune system, and altered pharmacokinetics of anticancer drugs leading to a relative overdosage of anticancer drugs are best‐substantiated. The effects of glucose intolerance and circulating mitochondrial DNA as a consequence of low skeletal muscle mass are topics of interest for future research. Restoring myokine balance through physical exercise, exercise mimetics, neuro‐muscular activation and adapting anticancer drug dosing on skeletal muscle mass could be targeted approaches to improve clinical outcomes in older cancer patients with low skeletal muscle mass.

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Correction to: Positive correlation between sarcopenia and elevation of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in pathological stage IIIA (N2-positive) non-small cell lung cancer patients

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Does sarcopenia affect postoperative short- and long-term outcomes in patients with lung cancer?—a systematic review and meta-analysis

Does sarcopenia affect postoperative short- and long-term outcomes in patients with lung cancer?—a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sarcopenia increases the risk of post-operative recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Pathophysiological mechanisms explaining poor clinical outcome of older cancer patients with low skeletal muscle mass

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