Correction to: Gene-environment interaction between lead and Apolipoprotein E4 causes cognitive behavior deficits in mice

Cadmium, an Environmental Contaminant, Exacerbates Alzheimer’s Pathology in the Aged Mice’s Brain

“…The interaction between environment, genetic, and lifestyle factors induced accumulative effects and mediated AD pathology (Engstrom et al, 2017 ; Moser and Pike, 2017 ; Newcombe et al, 2018 ). Considering the environmental factor’s effect on aging, we chose the most potent environmental ubiquitous contaminant Cd and evaluate its chronic treatment (1 mg/kg, i.p., for 3 months) effect on the mouse brain.…”

“…We believe that this preclinical animal finding unveils cellular mechanisms for targeting Cd-exacerbated neurodegeneration, but also representing a paradigm for people exposed to Cd and suggesting to avoid environmental factors in their late life to mitigate Alzheimer’s pathology-associated dementia. Most importantly, one of the interesting studies described the co-relation and synergetic effect of the gene–environment (ApoE4 and Lead) interaction which impaired cognitive behavior in animals (Engstrom et al, 2017 ). Further, in the future, we warrant and suggest that the gender and genetic variability bases particularly for late-onset AD associated with ApoE4 carrier-based studies as well as in the context of lifestyle should be designed and investigated in the aging preclinical animal models of neurodegenerative diseases.…”

“…Thus, aging is one of the biggest risk factors of neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and its associated dementia (Livingston et al, 2019 ). The synergistic effects of environmental factors, genetic factors, and lifestyle accelerate memory defects and contribute to the progression and onset of neurodegenerative diseases (Engstrom et al, 2017 ; Moser and Pike, 2017 ; Newcombe et al, 2018 ). Globally, overwhelming evidence indicated that environmental factors are the main factors that induced the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases.…”