Correction to Article 'Investigation of the Thermal Structure of Helium Ii by Scattering of Cold Neutrons' by E. L. Andronikashvili

Андроникашвили, Э.Л.

doi:10.1070/pu1962v004n04abeh003411

Cited by 56 publications

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“…These unexpected results constituted the first experimental evidence that the long-predicted supersolid state of solid 4 He may exist in nature. The KC results were quickly confirmed in a number of other laboratories and created great excitement in the low-temperature condensed-matter community.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Search for supersolidity in solid ⁴ He using multiple-mode torsional oscillators

Eyal

Talanov

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In 2004, Kim and Chan (KC) reported a decrease in the period of torsional oscillators (TO) containing samples of solid 4 He, as the temperature was lowered below 0.2 K Science 305(5692) :1941-1944]. These unexpected results constituted the first experimental evidence that the long-predicted supersolid state of solid 4 He may exist in nature. The KC results were quickly confirmed in a number of other laboratories and created great excitement in the low-temperature condensed-matter community. Since that time, however, it has become clear that the period shifts seen in the early experiments can in large part be explained by an increase in the shear modulus of the 4 He solid identified by Day and Beamish [Day J, Beamish J (2007) Nature 450(7171):853-856]. Using multiple-frequency torsional oscillators, we can separate frequency-dependent period shifts arising from changes in the elastic properties of the solid 4 He from possible supersolid signals, which are expected to be independent of frequency. We find in our measurements that as the temperature is lowered below 0.2 K, a clear frequency-dependent contribution to the period shift arising from changes in the 4 He elastic properties is always present. For all of the cells reported in this paper, however, there is always an additional small frequency-independent contribution to the total period shift, such as would be expected in the case of a transition to a supersolid state.supersolid | helium 4 | torsional oscillators T he idea of the existence of a supersolid state, a new phase of matter, stimulated a large number of experimental and theoretical works over the past 45 y, especially in the past decade. Such a state is assumed to present properties of superflow in a, most likely bosonic, solid. It was first suggested to exist based on theoretical grounds by Andreev and Lifshitz (1), Chester (2), and Leggett (3) in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Because 4 He exhibits superfluidity, and because it is a bosonic material with a low mass and weak interatomic interactions, solid 4 He was a natural candidate in the search for supersolidity.Torsional oscillators (TOs) have been the chief instrument in the investigation of this possible supersolid state of 4 He. The use of TOs in the search for this state follows a suggestion by Leggett in 1970 (3) that the appearance of the supersolid state would result in an anomalous superfluid-like decoupling of a portion of the moment of inertia of the solid 4 He sample from the TO in a manner analogous to the decoupling of the superfluid fraction of liquid 4 He as observed by Andronikashvili (4) in his early TO experiments. Such a reduction of the moment of inertia upon entering the superfluid or supersolid state was termed by Leggett to be a nonclassical rotational inertia (NCRI). The NCRI reduction in the moment of inertia is then expected to begin to increase with decreasing temperature below an onset temperature and lead to an observable decrease in the period of a TO containing a supersolid sample.The first attempt to observe ...

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confidence: 99%

“…However, subsequent TO experiments by Kim and Chan (KC) gave positive results and the anomalous decrease in the TO period or NCRI expected for the supersolid state was observed. The first observations were obtained for solid 4 He samples contained in porous Vycor glass (6). Later, the NCRI effect was observed by KC (7) He.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Search for supersolidity in solid ⁴ He using multiple-mode torsional oscillators

Eyal

Talanov

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Helium clusters offer the possibility of studying manifestations of superfluidity at a microscopic scale, and more generally effects of confinement in quantum fluids [1]. Superfluidity can be defined and measured in terms of the response to an external perturbation [2,3]. While Path Integral Monte Carlo calculations found superfluidity behavior in 4 He droplets with as few as 64 atoms [4], direct experimental evidence of superfluidity in pure He clusters has remained elusive.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bridging the Gap between Small Clusters and Nanodroplets: Spectroscopic Study and Computer Simulation of Carbon Dioxide Solvated with Helium Atoms

et al. 2004

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“…For drops doped with a SF 6 molecule or a Xe atom, we have found that the number of 3 He atoms within the volume containing the first two solvation shells increases when N 4 decreases in such a way that these dopants may be in a superfluid environment for N 4 In a recent experiment, Grebenev et al [1] have carried out the equivalent of the Andronikashvili experiment [2] in a microscopic system, namely, a mixed 3 He- 4 He drop consisting of about 10 4 atoms doped with an oxygen carbon sulfide (OCS) molecule. By analyzing the infrared spectrum of OCS, Grebenev et al (see also Ref.…”

Section: Departament Ecm Facultat De Física Universitat De Barcelonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of LargeH3e−H4
Pí
¹
,
Mayol
²
,
Barranco
³

1999
Phys. Rev. Lett.
53
0
43
0
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We have investigated how helium atoms are distributed within a mixed 3 He N3 -4 He N4 large drop with N 3 ¿ N 4 . For drops doped with a SF 6 molecule or a Xe atom, we have found that the number of 3 He atoms within the volume containing the first two solvation shells increases when N 4 decreases in such a way that these dopants may be in a superfluid environment for N 4 $ 60, which gradually disappears as N 4 decreases. The result is in qualitative agreement with recent experimental data.[ S0031-9007(99) [7] Monte Carlo calculations. It is remarkable that the presence of the impurity, which causes the 4 He density to rise up to several times the saturation value, is not destroying its superfluid character, and that, in spite of the high densities reached, the first solvation shell remains liquid [8]. An indication of this fluidlike behavior is that the peak density in the first solvation shell continues to increase as the second shell grows [9].Even if the intrepretation of the microscopic Andronikashvili experiment is on a firm basis, a remaining major question is how 3 He is distributed around the 4 Heplus-impurity complex, and, in general, how liquid 3 He is dissolved into 4 He droplets at very low temperatures. These are the questions we want to address in this paper.At zero temperature, it is known that the maximum solubility of 3 He in the bulk of 4 He is ϳ6.6% [10]. For liquid 4 He systems having a free surface, it is also known that a large amount of 3 He is accumulated on the free surface occupying Andreev states [11,12] before it starts being dissolved into the bulk. In the case of drops made of up to several thousand atoms, the surface region constitutes a sizeable part of the system [13], and the surface has a large capacity for storing 3 He atoms before they get inside the drop [14]. Because of the wide free surface of both isotopes [15,16] and the low surface tension of the 3 He-4 He liquid interface [17], one expects that this region plays a prominent role when it constitutes a large part of the system or, as in the present case, when it is close to the dopant atom or molecule.The structure and energetics of mixed, doped or not, helium droplets have been addressed using a finite-range density functional method [14]. That work was carried out before the experiments reported in Ref. [1], and the emphasis was put on improving the density functional method to better describe the thermodynamical properties of the liquid mixture, and to study rather small mixed droplets with N 4 ¿ N 3 . Our main goal here is to apply the density functional method to droplets whose characteristics are closer to those of the experiments, with the restriction of spherical symmetry for the He-impurity potential for the sake of simplicity. We have considered Xe and SF 6 as dopants, using for the latter a spherically averaged interaction potential. The Xe-He potential is weaker than the SF 6 -He potential. In this respect, our results for that atomic impurity should better represent the experimental ones for OCS even if thi...

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Correction to Article 'Investigation of the Thermal Structure of Helium Ii by Scattering of Cold Neutrons' by E. L. Andronikashvili

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Search for supersolidity in solid ⁴ He using multiple-mode torsional oscillators

Search for supersolidity in solid ⁴ He using multiple-mode torsional oscillators

Bridging the Gap between Small Clusters and Nanodroplets: Spectroscopic Study and Computer Simulation of Carbon Dioxide Solvated with Helium Atoms

Structure of LargeH3e−H4
Pí
¹
,
Mayol
²
,
Barranco
³

1999
Phys. Rev. Lett.
53
0
43
0
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Correction to Article 'Investigation of the Thermal Structure of Helium Ii by Scattering of Cold Neutrons' by E. L. Andronikashvili

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Search for supersolidity in solid 4 He using multiple-mode torsional oscillators

Search for supersolidity in solid 4 He using multiple-mode torsional oscillators

Bridging the Gap between Small Clusters and Nanodroplets: Spectroscopic Study and Computer Simulation of Carbon Dioxide Solvated with Helium Atoms

Structure of LargeH3e−H4Pí1, Mayol2, Barranco3 1999Phys. Rev. Lett.530430View full textAdd to dashboardCite

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Search for supersolidity in solid ⁴ He using multiple-mode torsional oscillators

Search for supersolidity in solid ⁴ He using multiple-mode torsional oscillators

Structure of LargeH3e−H4
Pí
¹
,
Mayol
²
,
Barranco
³

1999
Phys. Rev. Lett.
53
0
43
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite