Correction to: Analgesic Effects of Navigated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Patients With Acute Central Poststroke Pain

Zhao, Chenguang; Sun, Wei; Ju, Fengkui; Jiang, Shan; Wang, Hong; Sun, Xiaolong; Mou, Xiang; Yuan, Hua

doi:10.1007/s40122-021-00270-z

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a noninvasive brain stimulation therapy has been often recommended in the treatment of PS-TP [ 30 , 57 , 58 ]. The rTMS is a safe and well-tolerated intervention [ 58 ].…”

Section: Nonpharmacological Interventions Of Ps-tpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study with rTMS on intractable lower limb pain of PS-TP showed the effectiveness with short-term pain relief [ 67 ]. One recent randomized sham-controlled study [ 57 ] including 40 patients with PS-TP assessed the effectiveness of 3-week rTMS treatment (10 Hz, 2000 stimuli) (n = 20) compared to a sham intervention (n = 20). Significant improvement was found for pain intensity in the rTMS group compared with the sham group already at 7 days ( p < 0.001), and this effect lasted until the third week ( p < 0.01).…”

Section: Nonpharmacological Interventions Of Ps-tpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The serum level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neuronal modulator, was significantly higher in the treated group ( p < 0.05). The applied rTMS over the area of the motor cortex for the upper extremity can effectively improve acute PS-TP, possibly by influencing cortical excitability and serum BDNF secretion [ 57 ].…”

Section: Nonpharmacological Interventions Of Ps-tpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Management of Poststroke Thalamic Pain: Update in Clinical Practice

2022

Diagnostics

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Poststroke thalamic pain (PS-TP), a type of central poststroke pain, has been challenged to improve the rehabilitation outcomes and quality of life after a stroke. It has been shown in 2.7–25% of stroke survivors; however, the treatment of PS-TP remains difficult, and in majority of them it often failed to manage the pain and hypersensitivity effectively, despite the different pharmacotherapies as well as invasive interventions. Central imbalance, central disinhibition, central sensitization, other thalamic adaptative changes, and local inflammatory responses have been considered as its possible pathogenesis. Allodynia and hyperalgesia, as well as the chronic sensitization of pain, are mainly targeted in the management of PS-TP. Commonly recommended first- and second-lines of pharmacological therapies, including traditional medications, e.g., antidepressants, anticonvulsants, opioid analgesics, and lamotrigine, were more effective than others. Nonpharmacological interventions, such as transcranial magnetic or direct current brain stimulations, vestibular caloric stimulation, epidural motor cortex stimulation, and deep brain stimulation, were effective in some cases/small-sized studies and can be recommended in the management of therapy-resistant PS-TP. Interestingly, the stimulation to other areas, e.g., the motor cortex, periventricular/periaqueductal gray matter, and thalamus/internal capsule, showed more effect than the stimulation to the thalamus alone. Further studies on brain or spinal stimulation are required for evidence.

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Section: Nonpharmacological Interventions Of Ps-tpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nonpharmacological Interventions Of Ps-tpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nonpharmacological Interventions Of Ps-tpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Management of Poststroke Thalamic Pain: Update in Clinical Practice

2022

Diagnostics

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“…Acute neuropathic pain has been the primary investigated condition of this category. Zhao et al showed that 6 sessions/week for 3 weeks of M1-rTMS significantly reduced the pain levels within the first week only in acute neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury [ 85 ], and until the end of the third week of treatment in acute central poststroke pain [ 86 ]. In both studies, serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) remained significantly elevated until the end of the third week of treatment [ 85 , 86 ].…”

Section: Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhao et al showed that 6 sessions/week for 3 weeks of M1-rTMS significantly reduced the pain levels within the first week only in acute neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury [ 85 ], and until the end of the third week of treatment in acute central poststroke pain [ 86 ]. In both studies, serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) remained significantly elevated until the end of the third week of treatment [ 85 , 86 ]. BDNF is one of the most studied neurotrophins, a family of polypeptides that promote neuronal survival and synaptic transmission and plasticity [ 87 ].…”

Section: Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Primary Motor Cortex beyond Motor Rehabilitation: A Review of the Current Evidence

et al. 2022

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Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has emerged as a novel technique to stimulate the human brain through the scalp. Over the years, identifying the optimal brain region and stimulation parameters has been a subject of debate in the literature on therapeutic uses of repetitive TMS (rTMS). Nevertheless, the primary motor cortex (M1) remained the conventional target for rTMS to treat motor symptoms, such as hemiplegia and spasticity, as it controls the voluntary movement of the body. However, with an expanding knowledge base of the M1 cortical and subcortical connections, M1-rTMS has shown a therapeutic efficacy that goes beyond the conventional motor rehabilitation to involve pain, headache, fatigue, dysphagia, speech and voice impairments, sleep disorders, cognitive dysfunction, disorders of consciousness, anxiety, depression, and bladder dysfunction. In this review, we summarize the latest evidence about using M1-rTMS to treat non-motor symptoms of diverse etiologies and discuss the potential mechanistic rationale behind the management of each of these symptoms.

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